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I (ANI: I I'll' - CI ILOROl'IC'RIN EXTOXNET Extension Toxicology Network Pesticide Information Profiles http:t,'ace.orst.edu/cgi-bin/ints,,Ol/pips.,chloropi.iiiiii A Pesticide Information Project of Cooperative Extension Offices of Cornell University, Oregon State University, the University of Idaho, and the University of California at Davis and the Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan State University. Major support and funding was provided by the USDA/Extension Service/National Agricultural Pesticide Impact Assessment Program. EXTOXNET primary files maintained and archived at Oregon State University CHLOROPICRIN TRADE OR OTHER NAMES: Some trade names for products containing chloropicrin include Chlor -O -Pic, Metapicrin Timberfume and Tri-Clor. A partial list of trade names for chloropicrin mixtures with methyl bromide includes "Tri -Con," "Terr-O-Gas," "Preplant Soil Fumigant" and "Pic -Brom." Chloropicrin mixtures with 1,3-Dichloropropene include "Telone C-17," "Tri -Form" and "Pic-Clor." REGULATORY STATUS: Chloropicrin is currently undergoing USEPA FIFRA reregistration. It is a Class I toxicity, Restricted Use Pesticide (RUP), labeled with the signal word "Danger" (231). The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) proper shipping name is "Chloropicrin, 6. 1, UN 1580, PGI, Poison Inhalation Hazard, Hazard Zone B." The Emergency Response Guide (ERG) number is 56. NFPA designations are 4 -Health, 0 -Fire, 3 -Reactivity. Chloropicrin is not listed under the EPA Clean Air Act, EPA Clean Water Act or the EPA Marine Pollutant List (258). A tolerance is not required for preplant soil fumigation uses of chloropicrin. INTRODUCTION: Chloropicrin is a clear, colorless, oily liquid with a strong, sharp, highly irritating odor. It is a strong lachrymator (231). Chloropicrin has been used as an insecticide since 1917 and as a soil fumigant since 1920 (259). The primary use today is for preplant soil fumigation to control soil borne fungi, diseases and nematodes (231). It also is used to treat wood poles and timbers for internal decay by fungi and insects; as a warning/clearing agent for sulfuryl fluoride (structural fumigant) and methyl bromide (soil and structural fumigant); and is also used in organic synthesis. For soil fumigation and wood treatment, chloropicrin is packaged in DOT 4BW240 steel cylinders and bulk tanks which may be pressurized. When used as a warning agent for methyl bromide, chloropicrin is packaged along with the methyl bromide in steel cylinders. When used as a structural fumigation warning agent for sulfuryl fluoride, chloropicrin is packaged in small plastic bottles in DOT approved overpacks. Chloropicrin has a moderate vapor pressure (18.3 mmHg at 20 degrees C) and exists as a liquid at room temperature. Chloropicrin/methyl bromide mixtures will volatilize readily upon opening of the cylinder valve. Materials incompatible with chloropicrin are PVC, fiberglass, aluminum and magnesium and their alloys (231,260). TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS • Acute Toxicity: Undiluted chloropicrin is highly toxic by ingestion or direct contact with the skin I o1'4 5 1' ,'n 2.01 Py