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R E ✓ <br /> z5.19g <br /> Impermeable cap <br /> Vegetation <br /> Cap shaped so rainwater <br /> drains away from landfill { n•} <br /> - Top soil <br /> v <br /> • "'/ Gravel layer <br /> ° Plasticc,liner l <br /> - Hazardous wastes in drums\ e <br /> Plastic liners , <br /> Leachate <br /> ——_ °�•o Sand and = - <br /> •.�1. gravel layers- <br /> 66 <br /> —Groundwater` perforated pipes for <br /> e monitoring= — collecting leachate <br /> —Clay soil; — <br /> r ----.-- — — --Groundwater level <br /> f _ ' <br /> Hazardous waste landfills: <br /> some Ibssons from New Jersey <br /> New Jersey's experience with system consists of sloping the bottom of <br /> operational problems at four the landfill and placing pipes in the low <br /> ' hazardous-waste landfills points up Places to pump out contaminated water <br /> 4 ways landfill regulations could be and other fluids (leachate) that <br /> .-- - <br /> accu- <br /> improved. mulate; th �eu— ed eachate is treated <br /> ata wastewater treatment plant.• P,_� t. The <br /> PETER ONTAGL►E cover will generally consist of several <br /> Dept of Chemical Engineering and sloped layers--clay or a membrane lin- <br /> Center for Energy and Environmental Studies er (to prevent rain from intruding), <br /> Princeton university overlain by a very permeable layer of <br /> Princeton, N.J sandy or gravelly soil (to promote rain <br /> runoff), overlain by topsoil in which <br /> A SECURE LANDFILL ,s a carefully-engi- vegetation can root (to stabilize the <br /> neered`°de depression in the round into underlying layers of the cover <br /> 1 1 ! P g Y g Y }. <br /> �fi which hazardous wastes are put. (3,4) Each of these elements is crtii'tcai to <br /> The intention is to avoid any hydraulic success. If a liner fails, hazardous <br /> connection between the wastes and the _wastes may m(igjiate__directl into <br /> ` surrounding environment, particularly environment. If leachate is not removed f <br /> the groundwater. To this end, there are from a landfill, fluids can build up in <br /> d �• ra /• four critical elements in a secure land- the bathtub; the resulting hydraulic <br /> fill: a bottom liner,a leachate collection head is the main force that will drive 11 <br /> 'r system, a cover, and the natural hydro- wastes out into the environment if the <br /> geologic setting. liner fails. If the cover is not main- <br /> e natural setting can be selected to tained intact, rain will enter the land- <br /> minimize the possibility of wastes es- fill, solubilizing and mobilizing was et—s;"~ <br /> caping to groundwater beneath a land- resulting in buildup of leachate—even <br /> p, fill. The other three elements must be to thh point wherc the bathtub can <br /> engineered. The bottom liner may be overflow its sides. <br /> one or more layers of clay or a synthetic Four secure landfills In Now Jersey <br /> membrane (or a combination of these); <br /> r the liner effectively creates a bathtub in New Jersey's industries produce <br /> the ground. The leach, collection roughly 750,000 tons of hazardous <br /> 18210009-0053/$0.1.00 September 1982 Civil Engineering-ASCE 53 <br />