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Site Investigation Work Plan Data Acquisition Carousel Cleaners, Sacramento, California and QA/QC analysis process,to demonstrate that the laboratory/instrument is clear of background contamination and operating at acceptable detection limits. Laboratory Control Samples An LCS analysis will be performed by the laboratory daily or per analytical batch,whichever is more frequent.An LCS is a blank reagent spike containing all analytes at a specified concentration,usually in the mid-calibration range. The LCS will undergo the entire sample preparation and analysis process,to demonstrate that the method/instrument is stable and operating within acceptable accuracy limits. Surrogate Spikes Surrogate spike analyses are used to determine the efficiency of analyte recovery in organic sample preparation and analyses. Surrogate standards are added to all organic standards, samples, and blanks, and must go through the full preparation process. Surrogate spike recoveries must fall within the limits established by the project,to ensure efficiency of the method of analysis. Laboratory Failures Laboratory failures include equipment malfunction, failure of internal QA/QC checks, failure of performance of system audits, and non-compliance with QA requirements. The failure event is to be documented by the laboratory on a non-conformance/corrective action form and submitted to the laboratory QA officer for review and resolution.Non-conformance reports and other QC anomalies will be submitted on the case narrative with the final data package from the laboratory. The project or program chemist will be informed of all failures that affect project samples. 5.4.2 Sample Preservation Sample preservation is instrumental in maintaining the integrity of the samples from the time of collection until the analyses are performed. Therefore,the samples will be preserved during collection and storage to prevent or retard degradation or modification of the chemicals in the samples(see Tables 4 and 5). 5.5 Analytical Levels Screening data may be used to help define source areas or"hot spots."However, definitive data are necessary to determine the presence or absence of contaminants with a level of certainty. Project samples will be submitted to a certified off-site laboratory. For this investigation,all analyses will be considered definitive. In addition, all analytical results will undergo a validation process. This process will begin following the receipt of the final analytical data reports in hard copy and electronic deliverable format. The project chemist will review the data in accordance with the National Functional Guidelines for Organic and Inorganic Data Review(USEPA 2020). Field logbooks and chain-of-custody forms will be compared with laboratory results for consistency and sample identification. Qualification flags that are applied to the data during the validation process will be incorporated into the project database.Any rejected results will be brought to the attention of the project manager(PM)for review and suggested corrective action. Corrective action, depending on each case,may take the form of additional sampling,re-analysis, exclusion from use in the project database, or no action. Data that pass the validation process and meet the DQOs will be considered definitive data. 5-4