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SOP-008 Standard Operating Procedure <br />Well Development Page 2 of 5 REVISION NO. 0 March 2020 <br /> <br />Mudwall – A layer of fine-grained soils formed around the boring annulus during drilling that can impede free flow of the formation water into the well. <br />Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – Personal health and safety equipment used to protect the individual from contaminant exposure and physical injury. <br />Surging – A well development technique in which a surge block is alternately raised and lowered within the well casing or screen, or both, to create a strong inward and outward movement of water through the well screen. Surging helps remove fine-grain material from the boring wall and the filter pack. <br />Surge block – A weighted tool that is slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the well casing. <br />Turbidity – Cloudiness in water resulting from suspended and colloidal material. <br />Turbidimeter – An instrument that measures the turbidity - the cloudiness or haziness of fluid cause by individual particles - of a liquid <br />Well Casing – A durable pipe placed in a borehole to prevent the walls of the borehole from caving in, and to seal off surface drainage or undesirable water, gas, or other fluids and prevent their entrance into the well. <br />Well development – The act of removing fine grained sediment and drilling fluids from the sand pack and formation in the immediate vicinity of the well, thus increasing the porosity and permeability of the materials surrounding the intake portion of the well. <br />Well screen – A filtering device that allows groundwater to flow freely into a well from the adjacent formation, while minimizing or eliminating the entrance of fine-grained material into the well. <br />4.0 Equipment <br />The following equipment is required: <br />• Surge block on a cable or line <br />• Submersible pump, peristaltic pump, and/or bailer (bladder and gear pumps are not recommended because of pump damage from fine sediments) <br />• Groundwater purge container, tank, or drum or known volume for flow estimation <br />• Water quality monitoring instrument(s) (YSI, Turbidimeter) capable of measuring DO, ORP, conductivity, pH, turbidity, and temperature <br />• Clear glass jars (at least 2) <br />• Water level indicator <br />• Well development record <br />5.0 Procedure <br />Well development shall be performed as soon as practical after well installation, but not sooner than 48 hours following well construction.