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2006-06 Hydrochloric Acid HYD2200 <br />Copyright © 2006 Genium Group, Inc. Any commercial use or reproduction without the publisher’s permission is prohibited. Page 2 of 6 <br />Potential Health Effects <br />Target Organs: eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver (in animals) <br />Primary Entry Routes: inhalation, skin contact, eye contact <br />Acute Effects <br />Inhalation: The vapor is extremely discomforting to the upper respiratory tract, may cause severe mucous membrane <br />damage and may be harmful if inhaled. <br /> Inhalation of quantities of liquid mist may be extremely hazardous, even lethal due to spasm, extreme irritation of <br />larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema. <br /> A single severe exposure may cause coughing and choking; bleeding of nose, inflammation and occasionally <br />ulceration of the nose, throat and larynx. Fluid on the lungs followed by generalized lung damage may follow. <br /> Breathing of vapor may aggravate asthma and inflammatory or fibrotic pulmonary disease. <br /> High concentrations cause necrosis of the tracheal and bronchial epithelium, pulmonary edema, atelectasis and <br />emphysema and damage to the pulmonary blood vessels and liver. <br /> Inhalation hazard is increased at higher temperatures. <br /> The vapor from heated material is extremely discomforting to the upper respiratory tract and lungs if inhaled. <br /> Continued severe exposure can result in pulmonary edema and corrosion of tissues in the nose and throat. <br />Eye: Hydrogen Chloride: The vapor is extremely discomforting to the eyes and is capable of causing pain and severe <br />conjunctivitis. Corneal injury may develop, with possible permanent impairment of vision, if not promptly and <br />adequately treated. <br /> The material may be irritating to the eye, with prolonged contact causing inflammation. Repeated or prolonged <br />exposure to irritants may produce conjunctivitis. <br /> Hydrochloric Acid: Eye contact is extremely painful and may cause rapid corneal damage. The liquid is extremely <br />corrosive to the eyes and is capable of causing severe damage with loss of sight. <br /> The vapor is highly discomforting and may be corrosive to the eyes. The vapor from heated material is extremely <br />discomforting to the eyes. <br />Skin: The material is corrosive to the skin and may cause chemical burns. <br /> Toxic effects may result from skin absorption. Bare unprotected skin should not be exposed to this material. The <br />material may accentuate any pre-existing skin condition. <br /> The vapor is discomforting to the skin. <br />Ingestion: Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments. <br /> The liquid is extremely corrosive if swallowed and is capable of causing burns to mouth, throat, esophagus, with <br />extreme discomfort, pain and may be fatal if swallowed in quantity. Ingestion may result in nausea, abdominal <br />irritation, pain and vomiting. <br />Carcinogenicity: NTP - Not listed; IARC - Group 3, Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans; OSHA - Not <br />listed; NIOSH - Not listed; ACGIH - Not listed; EPA - Not listed; MAK - Not listed. <br />Chronic Effects: Chronic exposure may cause discoloration or erosion of the teeth, bleeding of the nose and gums; and <br />ulceration of the nasal mucous membranes. <br /> Repeated exposures of animals to concentrations of about 34 ppm produced no immediate toxic effects. <br /> Workers exposed to hydrochloric acid suffered from gastritis and a number of cases of chronic bronchitis have also <br />been reported. <br /> Repeated or prolonged exposure to dilute solutions may cause dermatitis. Repeated exposure to low vapor <br />concentrations can cause skin tenderness, bleeding of the nose and gums, chronic bronchitis, gastritis. <br />Section 4 - First Aid Measures <br />Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. <br /> Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested. <br /> If breathing is shallow or has stopped, ensure clear airway and apply resuscitation. Transport to <br />hospital or doctor. <br />Eye Contact: Immediately hold the eyes open and flush continuously for at least 15 minutes with <br />fresh running water. Ensure irrigation under eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids. <br /> Transport to hospital or doctor without delay. Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be <br />undertaken by skilled personnel. <br />Skin Contact: Immediately flush body and clothes with large amounts of water, using safety shower if available. <br /> Quickly remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear. <br /> Wash affected areas with water (and soap if available) for at least 15 minutes. Transport to hospital or doctor. <br />Ingestion: Contact a Poison Control Center. Rinse mouth out with plenty of water. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give a <br />glass of water. <br />After first aid, get appropriate in-plant, paramedic, or community medical support. <br />Note to Physicians: For acute or short-term repeated exposures to strong acids: <br /> 1.Airway problems may arise from laryngeal edema and inhalation exposure. <br /> Treat with 100% oxygen initially. <br /> 2.Respiratory distress may require cricothyroidotomy if endotracheal intubation is contraindicated by excessive <br />swelling. <br />See <br />DOT <br />ERG <br />See <br />DOT <br />ERG