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Groundwater Well Installation Standard Operating Procedure SWE-FSOP-601;Revision 1 Ahtna Southwest Environmental Operations Quality Control Lead (QC Lead).The QC Lead ensures work inspections are performed using the 3-Phases of the Quality Control method described in the project work plans.The QC Lead notifies the PL of quality deficiencies and actions to correct those. The PL approves those actions or notifies the SWE Field QC Manager for their approval if the circumstance warrants involvement. 1.4 Definitions Air Rotary Casing Hammer Drilling. A drilling method using a nonrotating drive casing that is advanced simultaneously with a slightly smaller diameter rotary bit attached to a string of drill pipe. Air is forced down through the center drill pipe to the bit, and the upward return stream through the space between the drive casing and the drill pipe removes cuttings from the bottom of the borehole. Annular Space.The space between any of the following: • Concentric drill pipes • An inner drill pipe and outer drive casing • Drill pipe or drive casing and the borehole wall • Well screen or casing and the borehole wall Borehole. Any hole drilled into the subsurface to identify lithology, collect soil samples, and install groundwater wells. Cuttings. Pieces of soil, sediment, or rock-cut by a bit in drilling borings. Extraction Well.A well used primarily to remove contaminated groundwater. Filter Pack.Granular filter material(sand,gravel,etc.)placed in the annular space between the well screen and the borehole to increase the effective diameter of the well and prevent fine-grained material from entering the well. Grout. For this SOP, the term "grout" consists of a neat cement grout generally containing three to five percent bentonite powder to water by weight.The grout is emplaced as a slurry. When correctly set and cured, it can restrict the movement of water. Hollow Stem Auger Drilling. A drilling method using augers with open centers. The augers are advanced with a screwing or rotating motion into the ground. Cuttings are brought to the surface by the rotating action of the augers,thereby clearing the borehole. Monitoring Well. A well that provides the collection of representative groundwater samples, the detection and collection of representative light and dense non-aqueous phase organic liquids, and the measurement of fluid levels. Mud Rotary Drilling. For this SOP, the term "mud rotary drilling" refers to direct circulation (as opposed to reverse circulation) mud rotary drilling. Mud rotary drilling uses a rotating drill bit, and drilling mud is pumped through the inside of the drill pipe and the bit. The mud flows upward in the annular space between the borehole and the drill pipe, carrying the cuttings in suspension to the surface. Sonic Drilling. A drilling method using high-frequency, resonant energy generated inside the sonic head to advance a core barrel or casing into subsurface formations. Sonic drilling is most often used when Page 5 of 16