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CDCR and DGS -4- 16 September 2025 <br />the aquifer. Additional investigation is required to determine if these plumes have <br />combined into one comingled plume or are moving independent of one another and, <br />depending on the outcome of that investigation, to determine appropriate next steps <br />consistent with the obligations of the Central Valley Water Board. Discharger is <br />suspected of having caused or permitted waste to be discharged or deposited where it <br />has discharged to waters of the state and has created, and continues to threaten to <br />create, a condition of pollution or nuisance. <br />Pursuant to Water Code section 13267, the Central Valley Water Board issues this <br />Order requiring the investigation and submission of a vadose zone and groundwater <br />plume investigation workplan to evaluate the nature and extent of releases emanating <br />from the CDCR Facilities. This 13267 Order also requires the submittal of a <br />Groundwater Plume Investigation Report and an Engineering Feasibility Study to <br />evaluate remedial options for the vadose zone and impacted aquifer zones. The <br />estimated cost for the preparation of the reports and site activities is $238,0005, based <br />on similar reports submitted to the Central Valley Water Board for similar work. The <br />reports are a necessary step towards remediation (if necessary), as the reports will <br />provide the technical data necessary to determine if the CDCR Facilities are a separate <br />source of groundwater contamination, and if so, (1) will identify the VOCs in that <br />separate source, (2) will delineate the lateral and vertical extent of the plume from the <br />CDCR Facilities, and (3) whether the plume from the CDCR Facilities has commingled <br />with the Landfill plume. This data is necessary to be able to determine the type, size, <br />and location of the remedial equipment. Without this data, remedial planning cannot <br />occur. Remediation is necessary to prevent further impacts to the underlying aquifer <br />and its users — including potential impacts to irrigation use by agricultural operations <br />near the CDCR Facilities— and a community that has historically been disproportionately <br />burdened by environmental pollution. Based on weighing the above costs and benefits, <br />the burden, including costs, of the required work and reports bears a reasonable <br />relationship to the need for the reports and the benefits to be obtained thereby. <br />The Central Valley Water Board understands there is pending litigation between <br />Forward Inc. and the Discharger regarding legal liability for the plume(s) described <br />herein. This Order does not apportion or assign any liability; instead, this Order <br />requires certain technical investigation and reporting, consistent with the mission of the <br />Central Valley Water Board and the Water Code, to determine appropriate next steps. <br />Nothing in this Order should be construed as barring the Discharger from obtaining legal <br />relief (e.g., contribution) related to the plume(s). <br />5 Costs are estimated as follows: $7,000 for work plan preparation (40 hours x $175/hour); $4,000 for <br />facility records review (40 hours x $100/hour); $3,000 for utility survey (24 hours x $125/hour); $8,000 for <br />geophysical survey (16 hours x $500/hour); $32,000 for investigation borings (10 borings of 80' each x <br />$40/foot); $40,000 for soil gas probes and vapor survey (10 probes of 50' each x $80/foot); $90,000 to <br />install groundwater monitoring wells (6 wells, each 100' deep x $150/foot); $1,596 for groundwater <br />sample VOC analyses (6 samples x $266/sample); $28,000 for groundwater plume investigation report <br />and EFS (160 hours x $175/hour); $2,400 to review and stamp report (8 hours x $300/hour); $21,599 for <br />10% contingency. <br />