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disease in humans. These pathogens include,but are not limited to,hepatitis B virus(HBV)and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). <br /> Wherever there is a potential for employee skin,eye,mucous membrane,or parenteral(skin or membrane piercing)contact with blood or <br /> other potentially infectious sources,employers must develop a Written Exposure Control Plan. <br /> ❑ Poisonous Plants. The possible presence of poisonous plants should be anticipated for field activities in wooded or heavily vegetated areas. <br /> Poison ivy is a climbing plant with alternate green to red leaves(arranged in threes)and white berries. Poison oak is similar to poison ivy <br /> and sumac,but its leaves are oak-like in form. The leaves of these poisonous plants produce irritating oil that causes an intensely itching <br /> skin rash and characteristic blister-like lesions. Contact with these plants should be avoided. <br /> ❑ Rats, Snakes and Other Vermin. Certain animals,particularly those that feed on garbage and other wastes, can represent significant <br /> sources(vectors)of disease transmission. Therefore,precautions to avoid or minimize potential contact with(biting)animals(such as rats) <br /> or animal waste(such as pigeon droppings)should be considered prior to all field activities. Rats,snakes,and other wild animals can inflict <br /> painful bites. The bites can poisonous(as in the case of some snakes)or disease causing(as in the case of rabid animals). Avoidance of <br /> these animals is the best protection. <br /> ❑ Waste Water and Sewage. Sewage and waste water contaminated with raw,untreated sewage can represent significant sources ofbacterial, <br /> viral, or fungal contamination. Adverse effects due to contact can range from mild skin reactions or rashes to life threatening diseases. <br /> Diseases are easily transmitted by accidental ingestion or through skin contact,particularly if the skin is broken. Avoidance of direct contact <br /> and good personal hygiene are the best protection from these hazards. <br /> Partner Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan Page 11 <br /> Version 1.02 August 15,2016 <br />