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A=COM • Chiggers are mite larvae, approximately'/2 millimeter in size, and typically invisible to the naked eye.While chiggers are not known to carry infectious diseases,their bites and resulting rashes and itching can lead to dermatitis and a secondary infection. • Chiggers are typically active from the last hard freeze in the winter or spring to the first hard freeze.They are active all year in the Gulf Coast and tropical areas. 4.7.6 Spiders • Spiders can be found in derelict buildings, sheltered areas, basements, storage areas,well heads and even on open ground. Spiders can be found year round in sheltered areas and are often present in well heads and valve boxes. • Most spider bites produce wounds with localized inflammation and swelling.The Black Widow and Brown Recluse spiders in the U.S. and others outside the U.S. inject a toxin that causes extensive tissue damage and intense pain. • Additional information on spider identification can be found in attachment S3AM-313-ATT3 Poisonous Spider Identification. 4.7.7 Mosquitoes • When a mosquito bites, it injects an enzyme that breaks down blood capillaries and acts as an anticoagulant.The enzymes induce an immune response in the host that results in itching and local inflammation.The tendency to scratch the bite sites can lead to secondary infections. • CDC data indicates that mosquito-borne illnesses, including the strains of encephalitis, are a health risk.At least one of the Encephalitis strains listed below is known to exist in every area of the U.S. and in many other countries as well: o Eastern Equine encephalitis o Western Equine encephalitis o West Nile Virus o St. Louis encephalitis o La Crosse encephalitis • Mosquitoes can transmit the West Nile Virus and other forms of encephalitis after becoming infected by feeding on the blood of birds which carry the virus. • Most people infected with the virus experience no symptoms or they have flu-like symptoms. Sometimes though,the virus can cause severe illness, resulting in hospitalization and even death, so proper precautions should be taken. Consult a medical practitioner if you suspect you have West Nile Virus. Other diseases including Dengue Fever and Malaria are spread by mosquitoes in the sub-tropic and tropical parts of the world. See S3AM-313-ATT4 Mosquito Borne Diseases for information on the locations where mosquito borne diseases are known to be present. 4.7.8 Bees,Wasps and Hornets • Wasps and bees will cause a painful sting to anyone if they are harassed. They are of most concern for individuals with allergic reactions who can go into anaphylactic shock. Also, instances where an individual is exposed to multiple stings can cause a serious health concern for anyone.These insects are most likely to sting when their hive or nest is threatened. • Bees, hornets, and wasps may be found in derelict buildings, sheltered areas, behind covers or lids and even on open ground. Other protective measures are not normally effective against aggressive,flying insects. Be aware of the potential areas for these types of insects, approach these locations cautiously. Avoid reaching into areas where visibility is limited. • If you see a nest in the area you are working in stop work. Contact the Manager or Site Supervisor for procedures to have the nest removed. Wildlife,Plants&Insects(S3AM-313-PR1) Revision 6 July 31,2019 PRINTED COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. CONTROLLED COPY IS AVAILABLE ON COMPANY INTRANET. Page 6 of 10