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Health and Safety Plan 1319 & 1327 South Madison Street, Stockton, CA 432770 represents the collapse of the body's cooling mechanisms. As a result, body temperatures often rise to between 105 — 110 F. As the victim progresses toward heat stroke symptoms include hot and usually dry, red and spotted skin, headache, dizziness, nausea, mental confusion, delirium, possible convulsions and loss of consciousness. Heat Stroke First Aid; • Immediately remove the victim from the work area to a shady or cool area with good air circulation (avoid drafts or sudden chilling —you do not want the victim to shiver). • Summon emergency medical help to provide on-site treatment and transportation to a medical facility. • Remove all protective outerwear and loosen personal clothing. • Apply cool wet towels, ice bags, etc. to the head, armpits, and thighs. Sponge off the bare skin with cool water or rubbing alcohol, if available, or even place the victim in a tub of cool water. Skin Hazards Sunburn and prickly heat are both symptoms of skin irritation/damage produced through exposure to sunlight and operating in hot work environments. • Protect exposed skin with an appropriate sunscreen. A sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or greater is required for work in the sun with reapplication at breaks and lunch. • Heat rash, also known as prickly heat, can be prevented by the application of a hydrophobic, water repellent barrier cream such as Kerodex 71. B10: Cold Stress - The four conditions that cause cold-related stress are low temperatures, high/cool winds (wind chill), dampness, and cold water. One or any combination of these factors can cause cold-related hazards. Cold stress, including frostbite and hypothermia, can result in severe health effects. A dangerous situation of rapid heat loss may arise for any individual exposed to high winds and cold temperatures. Major risk factors for cold-related stresses include: • Wearing inadequate or wet clothing increases the effects of cold on the body. • Taking certain drugs or medications such as alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, and medication that inhibits the body's response to the cold or impairs judgment. • Having a cold or certain diseases, such as diabetes, heart, vascular, and thyroid problems, may make a person more susceptible to the winter elements. • Being male increases a person's risk to cold-related stresses. Men experience far greater death rates due to cold exposure than women, perhaps due to inherent risk-taking activities, body-fat composition, or other physiological differences. • Becoming exhausted or immobilized, especially due to injury or entrapment, may speed up the effects of cold weather. • Aging -- the elderly are more vulnerable to the effects of harsh winter weather.