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Programmatic Sampling and Analysis Plan Project Number:60657245 2. Project and Data Quality Objectives 2.1 Project Task and Problem Definition PFAS are a family of more than 3,000 man-made and mostly unregulated chemicals that have been produced since the mid-1900s. They are mobile, persistent, bioaccumulative, and may cause or are suspected of causing adverse health effects. They are resistant to degradation in the environment and when degradation occurs, it typically results in the formation of other PFAS compounds. The PFAS compounds have a wide range of physical and chemical properties but may be grouped into several chemical classes based on key functional groups. Currently, the key subgroups of concern are perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids such as the long-chain perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). PFAS are manufactured globally and have been used in the production of a wide range of industrial and household products. The vast majority of Class B firefighting foams for extinguishing highly flammable and combustible liquid fires, such as fires at bulk fuel storage terminals and refineries, are aqueous film forming foams (AFFF). AFFF contains fluorosurfactants in which PFAS are identified as active ingredients. AFFF are likely to be stored and used for fire suppression, fire training, and flammable vapor suppression at bulk fuel storage terminals and refineries 2.2 Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) Data quality objectives (DQOs)have been specified for each data collection activity, and the work will be conducted and documented so that data collected are of sufficient quality for their intended use. DQOs specify the data type, quality, quantity, and uses needed to make decisions, and are of the basis for designing data collection activities. The project DQOs developed specifically for the planned sampling and analysis program have been determined based on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's seven-step DQO process (USEPA, 2006): State the Problem: If PFAS containing materials were used, disposed of, discharged to, spilled, or released in any way at the facility, a preliminary investigation is required of soil, groundwater, and surface water. Influent and effluent must also be investigated if the facility operates an onsite wastewater treatment system. Identify the Goal of the Study: The State Water Board seeks to determine whether the soil, groundwater, and/or surface water at the location is impacted by PFAS and obtain a preliminary understanding of PFAS concentrations at the facility. Identify Information Inputs: Soil and water samples will be collected as descripted in Section 3 and analyzed as described in Section 4. Reporting limits will be compared to those in Table 1, as outlined in Order WQ 2021- 0006-DWQ (California Water Boards, 2021). Define the Boundaries of the Study: As outlined in Order WQ 2021-0006-DWQ (California Water Boards, 2021), facilities are required to submit one-time preliminary site investigation for review and approval by the appropriate Regional Water Board that: • identifies the PFAS-containing materials in the facility AECOM 3