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LLNL Emergency Plan Rev-23 October 2017 16 required by the plan/procedure on EPHAs. Of the approximately 746 facilities at LLNL, there are just six facilities or grouping of facilities at Site 200 that, by the nature of the hazardous materials present, could experience events causing an Operational Emergency to be declared as described in detail in their respective EPHA documents. Additionally, there is one EPHA at Site 300. There are offsite (non-DOE) facilities identified in the EPHAs that might negatively impact the Site 200 by the release of hazardous chemicals such as chlorine gas and ammonia gas. There are no such facilities identified in the Site 300 vicinity. The Sandia National Laboratories/California site (located directly south of Site 200) is covered by its own emergency management program. Commercial and other vehicles unrelated to LLNL operations can transport hazardous materials on roads adjacent to Site 200 and on Corral Hollow Road south of Site 300. However, the main thoroughfare is Interstate 580, which is approximately one mile north of both Site 200 and the northern boundary of Site 300. A railroad runs approximately one-quarter mile north of Site 200 and one-and-a-half miles north of the northern boundary of Site 300. The manager of train operations reports that train engineers for Union Pacific Railroad always carry a manifest as well as emergency action plans dealing with the particular contents of a given train. Release of toxic materials from vehicles or trains could negatively impact either site. Grass fires originating offsite could impact Site 300 outer boundaries. The combination of gravel, asphalt, and concrete as roadway, work area, and building construction materials, along with onsite controlled burns, would limit combustible materials available to burn and reduce exposure of onsite personnel and hazardous materials to such fires. 1.4.1.3 Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment As required by DOE Order 151.1D, LLNL must prepare a Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) to provide a strategic-level view of identified threats and hazards impacting LLNL and anticipated capabilities necessary to address these threats and hazards. Based on a combination of past experience, forecasting, expert judgment, and other available resources, LLNL must identify a list of the threats and hazards of primary concern. Then, LLNL must describe the threats and hazards of concern, showing how they may affect LLNL operations. LLNL then must assess each threat and hazard in context to develop a specific capability target for each relevant core capability, where the capability target defines success for the capability. LLNL then estimates the required resources per core capability to meet the capability targets. The threats must be identified and assessed in the following three categories: Natural, Technological, and Human-Caused. 1.4.1.4 Leased Facilities Emergency management planning and response for leased facilities at LLNL falls under the site’s Emergency Management Core Program. A number of leased facilities are located within the eastern edge of Site 200 bordering Greenville Road in an open, unclassified research and development space called the Livermore Valley Open Campus (LVOC). The LVOC houses