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v MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET CEMENT & CONCRETE PRODUCTS'" Acute Exposure: Product becomes alkaline when exposed to moisture. Exposure can dry the skin, cause alkali burns and affect the mucous membranes. Dust can irritate the eyes and upper respiratory system. Toxic effects noted in animals include, for acute exposures, alveolar damage with pulmonary edema. Chronic Exposure: Dust can cause inflammation of the lining tissue of the interior of the nose and inflammation of the cornea. Hypersensitive individuals may develop an allergic dermatitis. Carcinogenicity: Since Portland cement and blended cements are manufactured from raw materials mined from the earth (limestone, marl, sand, shale, etc.) and process heat is provided by burning fossil fuels, trace, but detectable, amounts of naturally occurring, and possibly harmful, elements may be found during chemical analysis. Under ASTM standards, Portland cement may contain 0.75 % insoluble residue. A fraction of these residues may be free crystalline silica. Respirable crystalline silica (quartz) can cause silicosis, a fibrosis (scarring) of the lungs and possibly cancer. There is evidence that exposure to respirable silica or the disease silicosis is associated with an increased incidence of Scleroderma, tuberculosis and kidney disorders. Carcinogenicity Listings: NTP: Known carcinogen OSHA: Not listed as a carcinogen IARC Monographs: Group 1 Carcinogen California Proposition 65: Known carcinogen NTP: The National Toxicology Program, in its "Ninth Report on Carcinogens" (released May 15, 2000) concluded that "Respirable crystalline silica (RCS), primarily quartz dusts occurring in industrial and occupational settings, is known to be a human carcinogen, based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in humans indicating a causal relationship between exposure to RCS and increased lung cancer rates in workers exposed to crystalline silica dust (reviewed in IAC, 1997; Brown et al., 1997; Hind et al., 1997) IARC: The International Agency for Research on Cancer ("IARC") concluded that there was "sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of crystalline silica in the forms of quartz or cristobalite from occupational sources", and that there is "sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of quartz or cristobalite." The overall IARC evaluation was that "crystalline silica inhaled in the form of quartz or cristobalite from occupational sources is carcinogenic to humans (Group 1)." The IARC evaluation noted that "carcinogenicity was not detected in all industrial circumstances or studies. Carcinogenicity may be dependent on inherent characteristics of the crystalline silica or on external factors affecting its biological activity or distribution of its polymorphs." For further information on the IARC evaluation, see IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 68, "Silica, Some Silicates." (1997) Signs and Symptoms of Exposure: Symptoms of excessive exposure to the dust include shortness of breath and reduced pulmonary function. Excessive exposure to skin and eyes especially when mixed with water can cause caustic burns as severe as third degree. Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure: Individuals with sensitive skin and with pulmonary and/or respiratory disease, including, but not limited to, asthma and bronchitis, or subject to eye irritation, should be precluded from exposure. Exposure to crystalline silica or the disease silicosis is associated with increased incidence of scleroderma, Tuberculosis and possibly increased incidence of kidney lesions. Chronic Exposure: Dust can cause inflammation of the lining tissue of the interior of the nose and inflammation of the cornea. Hypersensitive individuals may develop an allergic dermatitis. (May contain trace (<0.05 %) amounts of chromium salts or compounds including hexavalent chromium, or other metals found to be hazardous or toxic in some chemical forms. These metals are mostly present as trace substitutions within the principal minerals) ONE SECURITIES CENTRE, 3490 PIEDMONT ROAD NE, SUITE 1300, ATLANTA, GA 30305 TEL 404.634-9100 WWW.QUIKRETE.COM