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i THE NFPA 704 MARKING SYSTEM THE NFPA 704 MARKING SYSTEM DISTINCTIVELY INDICATES • 4404 THE PROPERTIES AND POTENTIAL DANGERS OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXPLANATION OF THE ' MEANINGS OF THE QUADRANT NUMERICAL CODES: HEALTH (SLUEi REACTIVITY (STABILITY) IN GENERAL,HEALTH HAZARD IN FIREFIGHTING IS THAT OF A SINGLE EX- THE ASSIGNMENT OF DEGREES IN THE REACTIVITY CATEGORY IS BASED POSURE WHICH MAY VARY FROM A FEW SECONDS UP TO AN HOUR.THE UPON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF MATERIALS TO RELEASE ENERGY EITHER BY PHYSICAL EXERTION DEMANDED IN FIREFIGHTING OR OTHER EMERGENCY THEMSELVES OR IN COMBINATION WITH WATER.FIRE EXPOSURE WAS ONE CONDITIONS MAY BE EXPECTED TO INTENSIFY THE EFFECTS OF ANY EX- OF THE FACTORS CONSIDERED ALONG WITH CONDITIONS OF SHOCK AND POSURE.ONLY HAZARDS ARISING OUT OF AN INHERENT PROPERTY OF THE PRESSURE. ' MATERIAL ARE CONSIDERED.THE FOLLOWING EXPLANATION IS BASED UPON PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT NORMALLY USED BY FIREFIGHTERS: A MATERIALS WHICH(IN THEMSELVES)ARE READILY CAPABLE OF 4 DETONATION OR Of EXPLOSIVE DECOMPOSITION OR EXPLOSIVE 4 MATERIALS TOO DANGEROUS TO HEALTH TO EXPOSE REACTION AT NORMAL TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES.INCLUDES FIREFIGHTERS.A FEW WHIFFS OF THE VAPOR COULD CAUSE MATERIALS WHICH ARE SENSITIVE TO MECHANICAL OR LOCALIZED ' DEATH OR THE VAPOR OF LIQUID COULD BE FATAL ON THERMAL SHOCK.IF A CHEMCIAL WITH THIS HAZARD RATING IS IN PENETRATING THE FIREFIGHTER'S NORMAL FULL PROTECTIVE AN ADVANCED OR MASSIVE FIRE,THE AREA SHOULD BE CLOTHING.THE NORMAL.FULL-PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EVACUATED. BREATHING APPARATUS AVAILABLE TO THE AVERAGE FIRE MATERIALS WHICH(IN THEMSELVES)ARE CAPABLE OF DETONA- DEPARTMENT WILL NOT PROVIDE ADEQUATE PROTECTION AGAINST TION OR OF EXPLOSIVE DECOMPOSITION OR EXPLOSIVE REACTION 3' INHALATION OR SKIN CONTACT WITH THESE MATERIALS. BUT WHICH REQUIRE A STRONG INITIATING SOURCE OR WHICH 3 MATERIALS EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH,BUT AREAS MAY MUST BE HEATED UNDER CONFINEMENT BEFORE INITIATION.IN- BE ENTERED WITH EXTREME CARE.FULL-PROTECTIVE CLOTHING IN- CLUDES MATERIALS WHICH ARE SENSITIVE TO THERMAL OR CLUDING SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS,COAT,PANTS, MECHANICAL SHOCK AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES AND GLOVES,BOOTS AND BANDS AROUND LEGS,ARMS AND WAIST PRESSURES OF WHICH REACT EXPLOSIVELY WITH WATER WITHOUT ' SHOULD BE PROVIDED,NO SKIN SURFACE SHOULD BE EXPOSED. REQUIRING HEAT OR CONFINEMENT.FIREFIGHTING SHOULD BE 2 MATERIALS HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH,BUT AREAS MAY BE ENTERED DONE FORM AN EXPLOSIVE-RESISTANT LOCATION. FREELY WITH FULL-FACE MASK AND SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING MATERIALS WHICH(IN THEMSELVES)ARE NORMALLY UNSTABLE APPARATUS WHICH PROVIDES EYE PROTECTION. 2 AND RAPIDLY UNDERGO VIOLENT CHEMICAL CHANGE BUT DO NOT DETONATE.INCLUDES MATERIALS WHICH CAN UNDERGO ' MATERIALS ONLY SLIGHTLY HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH.IT MAY BE CHEMICAL CHANGE WITH RAPID RELEASE OF ENERGY AT NORMAL 1 DESIRABLE TO WEAR SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS. TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES OR WHICH CAN UNDERGO VIOLENT CHEMICAL CHANGE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES.ALSO INCLUDES THOSE MATERIALS WHICH MAY REACT VIOLENTLY WITH WATERWHICH MAY FORM POTENTIAL- 0 MATERIALS WHICH WOULD OFFER NO HAZARD BEYOND THAT OF LY EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES WITH WATER.IN ADVANCE OR MASSIVE ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL UPON EXPOSURE UNDER FIRE FIRES,FIREFIGHTING SHOULD BE DONE FROM A SAFE DISTANCE OR CONDITIONS. FROM A PROTECTED LOCATION. MATERIALS WHICH(IN THEMSELVES)ARE NORMALLY STABLE BUT FLAMMABILITY (RED) WHICH MAY BECOME UNSTABLE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BURNING IS THE BASIS FOR ASSIGNING DEGREES AND PRESSURES OR WHICH MAY REACT WITH WATER WITH SOME RELEASE OF ENERGY BUT NOT VIOLENTLY.CAUTION MUST BE US- WITHIN THIS CATEGORY.THE METHOD OF ATTACKING THE FIRE IS IN- ED IN APPROACHING THE FIRE AND APPLYING WATER. FLUENCED BY THIS SUSCEPTIBILITY FACTOR. MATERIALS WHICH(IN THEMSELVES)ARE NORMALLY STABLE EVEN ' VERY FLAMMABLE GASES OR VERY VOLATILE FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS. UNDER FIRE EXPOSURE CONDITIONS AND WHICH ARE NOT REAC- SHUT OFF FLOW AND KEEP COOLING WATER STREAMS ON EXPOS- TIVE WITH WATER.NORMAL FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES MAY BE USED. 4 ED TANKS OR CONTAINERS. MATERIALS WHICH CAN BE IGNITED UNDER ALMOST ALL NORMAL SPECIAL INFORMATION (WHITE) ' 3 TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS,WATER MAY BE INEFFECTIVE BECAUSE MATERIALS WHICH DEMONSTRATE UNUSUAL REACTIVI- OF THE LOW FLASH POINT. TY WITH WATER SHALL BE IDENTIFIED WITH THE LET- TER W WITH A HORIZONTAL LINE THROUGH THE 2 MATERIALS WHICH MUST BE MODERATELY HEATED BEFORE IGNI• CENTER W. TION WILL OCCUR.WATER SPRAY MUST BE USED TO EXTINGUISH THE FIRE BECAUSE THE MATERIAL CAN BE COOLED BELOW ITS FLASH POINT. MATERIALS WHICH POSSESS OXIDIZING PROPERTIES J MATERIALS THAT MUST BE PREHEATED BEFORE IGNITION CAN OC- OX SHALL BE IDENTIFIED BY THE LETTERS OX. 1 CUR.WATER MAY CAUSE FROTHING IF IT GETS BELOW THE SUR- FACE OF THE LIQUID AND TURNS TO STEAM.HOWEVER,WATER S MATERIALS POSSESSING RADIOACTIVITY HAZARD FOG GENTLY APPLIED TO THE SURFACE WILL CAUSE A FROTHING +� SHALL IA IDENTIFIED BY THE STANDARD RAZARDIVITY WHICH WILL EXTINGUISH THE FIRE. SYMBOL. 0 MATERIALS THAT WILL NOT BURN. �•♦ ' FIGURE 6-10: THE NFPA 704 MARKING SYSTEM ' 72