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i • SAFE WORK PRACTICES FOR CONTRACTORS WORKING AT RETAIL PETROLEUMICONVENIENCE FACILITIES 31 Training,experience,and knowledge of: • soil analysis, • use of protective systems, Ability to detect: • conditions that may result in cave-ins, • failures in protective systems, • hazardous atmospheres, • other hazards including those associated with confined spaces. 9.8.1 Inspections An excavation competent person shall conduct inspections for evidence of possible cave-in,failure of protective systems,hazard- ous atmospheres,and other hazardous conditions when there is a worker exposure: • daily and before the start of each shift, • as dictated by the work being done in the excavation, • after every rainstorm, • after other events that may increase hazards,such as snowstorm,thaw,earthquake,dramatic change in weather,etc., • when fissures, tension cracks, sloughing, undercutting, water seepage,bulging at the bottom, or other similar conditions occur, • when there is a change in the size,location,or placement of the spoil pile, • when there is any indication of change or movement in adjacent structures. 9.9 EXCAVATION DEWATERING Dewatering an excavation is a process used to lower groundwater level below the base of the excavation,so water does not accu- mulate in the excavation.This is a very specialized process and shall be conducted under the direction of the excavation compe- tent person in conjunction with the appropriate hydro-geological expert. Excavation dewatering is typically done by pumping groundwater from either a monitoring well adjacent to the excavation or from a dewatering point installed specifically for the pur- pose of dewatering.When dewatering tank fields,the use of the tank field monitoring points for dewatering purposes is not typi- cally acceptable,as they will not normally be deep enough to provide an effective dewatering point. 9.10 SITE CONDITIONS OF ADJACENT STRUCTURES AND FOUNDATIONS When an excavation endangers the stability of an adjoining building,wall,or other structure,a support system shall be used to ensure the stability of the structure.If an excavation operation undermines sidewalks,pavement,or nearby structures,a support system shall be provided to protect workers from the possible collapse of these structures. 9.11 BARRICADING Barricade the excavation area to prevent vehicles from entering and endangering workers.Install barricades around an open exca- vation at all times.Remove them only when necessary in order to move equipment.Unless an open excavation is completely cov- ered,install barricades around it during darkness or when the excavation is to be left unattended. Refer to Section 8,Barricading for additional information. 9.12 MANAGEMENT OF CONTAMINATED SOILS Soils removed from the excavation shall be stockpiled and sampled as required by regulation to determine the appropriate waste or recycling category.Stockpiled soils removed from an excavation shall be stored on suitable plastic sheeting and covered with plastic sheeting or as required by regulation. Contamination/waste classification of soils may only be performed by persons trained and capable of doing so.Contaminated soils shall be disposed of or recycled in a manner consistent with applicable fed- eral,state,and local regulations,and within these requirements,according to the wishes and waste management requirements of the customer.