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Sodium fluoride - Wikipedia, the free encyclope <br />Fluoride salts are used to <br />enhance the strength of teeth <br />by the formation of <br />fluorapatite, a naturally <br />occurring component of tooth <br />r enamelP][8] Although sodium <br />fluoride is also used to <br />fluoridate water and, indeed, is <br />Sodium fluoride is sold in tablets for the standard by which other <br />cavity prevention. water -fluoridation compounds <br />are gauged, hexafluorosilicic <br />acid (H2SiF6) and its salt <br />sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na2SiF6) are more commonly used <br />additives in the U.091 Toothpaste often contains sodium fluoride to <br />prevent cavities.1101 Alternatively, sodium fluoride is used as a <br />cleaning agent, e.g. as a "laundry sour".161 A variety of specialty <br />chemical applications exist in synthesis and extractive metallurgy. It <br />reacts with electrophilic chlorides including acyl chlorides, sulfur <br />chlorides, and phosphorus chloride.1111 Like other fluorides, sodium <br />fluoride finds use in desilylation in organic synthesis. The fluoride is <br />the reagent for the synthesis of fluorocarbons. <br />In medical imaging, fluorine -l8 -labelled sodium fluoride is used in <br />positron emission tomography (PET). Relative to conventional bone <br />scintigraphy carried out with gamma cameras or SPECT systems, PET <br />offers more sensitivity and spatial resolution. A disadvantage of PET is <br />that fluorine -18 labelled sodium fluoride is less widely available than <br />conventional technetium -99m -labelled radiopharmaceuticals. <br />Safety <br />See also: Fluoride poisoning <br />The lethal dose for a 70 kg (154 lb) human is estimated at 5-10 g.16] <br />Sodium fluoride is classed as toxic by both inhalation (of dusts or <br />aerosols) and ingestion.1121 In high enough doses, it has been shown to <br />affect the heart and circulatory system. <br />In the higher doses used to treat osteoporosis, plain sodium fluoride <br />can cause pain in the legs and incomplete stress fractures when the <br />doses are too high; it also irritates the stomach, sometimes so severely <br />as to cause ulcers. Slow-release and enteric-coated versions of sodium <br />fluoride do not have gastric side effects in any significant way, and <br />littp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium—flLioride <br />Boiling <br />point <br />1695 °C <br />0.5 M (20 °C) <br />Solubility in <br />water <br />Solubility <br />soluble in HF <br />insoluble in ethanol <br />Vapor <br />1 mmHg @ 1077 C°Itl <br />pressure <br />Hazards <br />MSDS <br />Sodium fluoride MSDS <br />(http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml <br />/53722.htm) <br />EU Index <br />009-004-00-7 <br />EU <br />Toxic (T) <br />classification <br />Irritant (M) <br />R -phrases <br />R25, R32, R36/38 <br />S -phrases <br />(S�, 522, S36, S45 <br />NFPA 704 <br />0 <br />Flash point <br />Non-flammable <br />LD50 <br />52-200 mg/kg (oral in rats, mice, rabbits)['] <br />Related compounds <br />Other anions <br />Sodium chloride <br />Sodium bromide <br />Sodium iodide <br />Other <br />Lithium fluoride <br />cations <br />Potassium fluoride <br />Rubidium fluoride <br />Caesium fluoride <br />Related <br />TASF reagent <br />compounds <br />)((what is this?) (verify) <br />Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials <br />in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) <br />Infobox references <br />have milder and less frequent complications in the bones.1131 In the <br />lower doses used for water fluoridation, the only clear adverse effect is dental fluorosis, which can alter the appearance of <br />children's teeth during tooth development; this is mostly mild and is unlikely to represent any real effect on aesthetic <br />appearance or on public health.1141 <br />See also <br />■ Fluorine <br />■ Cryolite <br />2 of 3 4/16/2011 11:01 PM <br />