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- MEMO- <br /> IF <br /> - <br /> a <br />�n <br /> r_ <br /> a FUEL OILS 66.17 <br /> handling operations may ex.-arienre direct. dermal contact if protective <br /> Slaves and clothing are not worn. They may also receive small <br /> inhalation exposures from the more volatile components. - <br /> 66.3 hVMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS <br /> 66.3.1 Animal Studies <br /> ' 66.3.1.1 Carcinogenicity <br /> Generally, number 1 and number 2 fuel oils are not carcinogenic <br /> k.y even though they contain aromseic hydrocarbons (2219). In contrast, <br /> industrial Fuels such as number 6 oil are residual oils which often <br /> contain highly condensed aromatic products From severe cracking <br /> processes. They may be carcinogenic to animals if they contain PAH <br /> components which boil above 370'C (2219). <br /> Certain currancly available fuel oils may be cartinagenic because <br /> they are derived from the Blending of fractions boiling below 370'C <br /> with chose boiling at higher temperacures. Some of these high-boiling <br /> fuels which are derived from catalytic cracking processes may contain <br /> carcinogens (2219). <br /> Studies have demonstrated a direce relationship between turgor <br /> potency and the concentration of high-boiling fractions which are added <br /> to Eorm blends. It was determined chat when not more than 10 volume 4 <br /> I of 700'F} cacalycic gas oil or clarified oil is present, the rumor <br /> pocency values of the blends are less than 20 and therefore have <br /> borderline significance. The tumor patency value is a representation <br /> of the tumor .formation rate in response to application to mouse skin. <br /> For a value of 20, 500 days would be required for a 504 tumor response <br /> (1818) (see Table 66-4), Examinacion of boiling ranges of blended <br /> petroleum products may not pro+ride an accurate assessment of their <br /> carcinogenic potential. In the opinion of Bingham !Lc al. (2219). These <br /> materials are probably carcinogenic and their pocency may be <br /> underestimated or overestimated if the diluent contains cocarcinogens <br /> j ' ar inhibitors. <br /> Frazier and Mahlum (1819) cested the initiation activity of a fuel <br /> oil blend (FOB) which contained part of a heavy molecular weight <br /> distillate boiling at 288-454'C and 2.9 parts of a distillate buil'ng <br /> between 176 and 288-C. The FOB (25 mg) was applied to the clipped <br /> backs of CO-1 mice in a 50 pl. volume. Two weeks after initiation, the <br /> animals received doses of 5 pg phorbol myristace acetate in 50 ;'L <br /> acetone twice weekly for 24 weeks. Negative controls were created with <br /> acetone. Positive controls were initiated with 50 pg benzo(alpyreae <br /> (SAF) or dimechylb,inzanthracene (DMSA). The FOB showed significant <br /> '. , initiating activity. Approximately 60 tumors were seen. after -170 <br /> days. Greater than 200 tumors were observed in the BAP positire <br /> controls. Hvdrotreaced FOB was also tested in the same =annex. <br /> f Hydratreatmenc has been suggested as a possible method for reducing <br /> biological activity of coal-derived materials. In this group about 1:4 <br />