|
peotnrrri Laboratories:Chemical Fact'Sheet-Cas# 71432 bttpJ/wwwzp.eclab.comJcompoundlc92527.
<br /> +. with awind speed of-7.09 msec was 5.23 hrs-'the estimated half-life for
<br /> _olaWization of benzene from'aniodel'river one meter.deep1$owing I-mjsec with a
<br /> wind velocity of 3-m/sec is estimated to be 17 hrs'at 20 deg.C.It wilt not be
<br /> expecte4o significantly adsorb to sedimeat,.bioconcentram in aquatic organisms or
<br /> ydr6lyze.It may be subject to biodegradation based on a r orted b lode dation
<br /> half-life of 16'days in an aerobic river di4-away test.In a marine ecosystem, -
<br /> biodegradation occurred in 2 days after an acclimation period of 2..clays and 2 weeks.
<br /> -Dnvir-anmerttal Fate in the summer and.spring,respectively,whereas no degradation occurred in winter
<br /> j AQT7ATiC FATE`.Evaporation was the prknary loss mechanism M winter in a -
<br /> 1 # esowsm experiment which simulated a northern bay.vihem the ha.Lf life was 13
<br /> ;days.In spring and surnnier.the half lives were 23 and 3.1 days,res.ectively,.In
<br /> [these cases biodegradation plays a major role and takes about 2 days .However,
<br /> 1acclimation is critical and this takes much longer in the colder water n spring.
<br /> According to one experiment,benzene has a half-life.of 17 days due to
<br /> photegradation which could contribute to benzene's removal.In situations of cold
<br /> water,poor nutrients,or other conditions less conducive to microbial,photolysis
<br /> will play a important role in degzadation.-ATMOSPHERIC FATE: If benzene is ,
<br /> f released to the atmosphere,it will exist predominantly in the vapor phase ,
<br /> Goerplease benzene will not be subject to direct photolysis but it will react with
<br /> photochemaically produced hydroxyl radicals with a half-life of 13.4 days calculated
<br /> using an experimental rate constant for the reaction.The reaction time in polluted
<br /> atmospheres which.contain nitrogen oxides or sulfur dioxide is accelerated with the
<br /> half life being reported as 4-6 hours .Products of photooxidation include phenol,
<br /> aitropl enols nitrobenzene,formic acid,and peroxyacetyl nitrate.Benzene is fairly
<br /> soluble in water and is removed from the atmosphere in rain.
<br /> DRINKING'. ATER: 113 public, supplies, 1976,7 sites pbs_ivgof positive sites
<br /> 0.2 ppb.5'USA cities,1.974-5,0-0.3 ppb.Contar iinated drinking water wells in _
<br /> NY,NJ,CT;30.-300 ppb;highest conch in drinking water frori surface souroe,4.4 i
<br /> .. ppb.3 surveys of cobimunity water supplies,:0.o£II I pos,;7 8f,1 13 pos,mean I
<br /> ppb;4 of 16 pos(0.95 ppb-max). USA Groundwater Supply Survey (GWS,-1982,
<br /> finished drinking water),466 samples selected at random from 1000 in survey;
<br /> 0.6%pas,3.ppb median, 15 ppb max, Wisconsin dcinkibg water wells, data.
<br /> through Jun 1984, 1 174 comj:iunity walls,0.34%pos,61.7 private yvells,2.91/ I
<br /> pos(6).GROUNDWATER: Chalk Aquifer(UIS),210 rn£turn petrol storage, 1-10
<br /> b;Clialk.Aquifer(UK), 120 ni from petrol storage,>250 ppb;Chalk Aquifer
<br /> (UK),10 m from petrol storage,.1250 ppb;distances refer to benzene movement in
<br /> groundwater. SURFACE WATER: 14 heavily industrialized with basins,
<br /> 1975-1476,20%samples>1 ppb and between 1 and'7 ppb,Lake Erie, I975-6 0-1
<br /> pb, 1 of 2 sites Positive;-Lake Michigan, 1975-6,0-7 ppb,5 of 7 sites positive'. I
<br /> i (700random sites in TITS, 1975,5.4 ppb avg.US EPA STORET database, 1,271
<br /> samples, 15.0%pos,5,0 ppb median .SEAWATER; 5-15 parts per trillion Gulf of' I
<br /> Mexico, 1977,unpolluted areas;5-175 parts per trillion;GFErlfofMexico, 1977, 1
<br /> anthropogenic influence.RAIN/SNOW:Detected in rainwater in Japan and in the
<br /> UK(87.2'ppb)(1,2),Benzene occurs in both ground water and surface public water
<br /> supplies with higher levels occurring iaa ground water supplies; Based.upan Federal 1
<br /> 1 drinking water surveys,approximately 1.3%of all ground water systems are
<br /> estimated to contain.benzene at levels greaten than.0.5 vg/l, Tlie high est level 1
<br /> ireportedin.the surveys far ground water was 80 ug/I.Approximately 3%of all.
<br /> E surface water systern are estimated to be contaminated at levels higher than 0.5 ug/l. �..
<br /> None oftbe systems are expected to contain levels higher than'5 ug/l. EFF'L;
<br /> Wastewater from coal preparation.plants,0.3-48 ppb;wastewater from plants which
<br /> mmufactcre or use benzene<1=179 parts per trillion;stack ernissions from cokiu
<br /> g
<br /> lents (C2echoslgvakia), 15-50 ppm? ;stank emission esdniatcs from chemical plants
<br /> 1 fusing emissions an:d worst case mrodeling at 150 m from source,less.than orequal to
<br /> Drhd fig Water Impact1.I5 ppm.Groundwater at 178 CERCLA hazardous waste sites;11.2%a pas .US EPA
<br /> UORET database, 1,474 samples, 16.4%pos,2.50 ppb median:Industries in
<br /> 1 which mean or,max levels in raw wastewater exceeded l ppm are(number of
<br /> samples,percent pos,mean,niax,in ppm):rave wastewater:auto and other laundries
<br /> [(20 samples, 70%_loos,<1.4 ppm mean,23 ppm max),iron and steal manufacturing ;
<br /> j 1(mfg)(9 samples,77.$%pos,<9.0 mean,46 max),aluminum forming(32 samples,
<br /> I nFn ..
<br />
|