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This fact sheet summarizes key aspects of effective management for operating pump and treat(P&T) systems based on lessons leamed from conducting optimization evaluations at 20 Superfund-financed P&T systems. The lessons learned,however, are relevant to almost any P&T system. Therefore, the document may serve as a resource for managers, contractors, or regulators of any P&T system,whether or not that system is within the Superfund Program. This fact sheet is meant to provide a framework for effective site management,but is not intended to be a detailed instructional manual. This fact sheet is not a regulation, and therefore, it does not impose legally binding requirements on EPA, States, or the regulated community,and may not apply to a particular situation based upon the circumstances. The document offers technical and policy recommendations to EPA, States and others who manage or regulate Pump and Treat systems as part of the Superfund or other cleanup programs. EPA and State personnel may use other approaches,activities and considerations, either on their own or at the suggestion of interested parties. Interested parties are free to raise questions and objections regarding this document and the appropriateness of using these recommendations in a particular situation, and EPA will consider whether or not the recommendations are appropriate in that situation. This fact sheet is a living document and may be revised periodically without public notice. EPA welcomes public comments on this document at any time and will consider those comments in any future revision of this guidance document. A. INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS The basic components of a P&T system include A. INTRODUCTION . . . I ground water extraction, above-ground treatment, disposal of the treated water, ground water monitoring B. SYSTEM GOALS AND EXIT STRATEGY 2 in the subsurface, and process monitoring in the treatment plant. P&T system management includes the C. EVALUATING PERFORMANCE AND following primary activities: EFFECTIVENESS OF THE P&T SYSTEM 3 Setting system goals and exit strategy- Are the D. EVALUATING COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF system goals clearly stated with estimated time frames THE P&T SYSTEM 12 for achievement? Are the goals and time frames still appropriate? Are there measurable performance E. CONTRACTING CONSIDERATIONS . . . . 16 standards(i.e., metrics)for evaluating system performance? Is it clear what is required for some or F. OPTIMIZATION AND CONTINUOUS all of the P&T system to be discontinued? IMPROVEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Evaluating performance%ffectiveness- Do data G. CITED RESOURCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 indicate that the P&T system is achieving the stated short-term goals (e.g., preventing plume migration) and that it will likely achieve the stated long-tetra goals (e.g.,cleanup to specified levels or continued containment of the plume)? 'Throughout this document,the word"goal'refers to a target or Evaluating cost-effectiveness- Can the life-cycle cost aim including the following: of the P&T system be reduced(while maintaining • a broad,long-term purpose or intent specified in a decision effectiveness)by lowering the annual costs of document(e.g.,cleanup to a specified concentration) a performance-based metric or milestone intermediate in operations and maintenance (O&M) and/or shortening duration(e.g.,a 20%decrease in monthly influent the system duration? concentrations within 24 months of operation) • a specific and short-tem,objective(e.g.,demonstration of Continuous improvement can occur if the above items plume containment) are routinely addressed and if modifications to Goals,as stated in this document,are not to be confused with Preliminary Remediation Goals(PRGs)specified in a Superfund improve the system are subsequently implemented. Feasibility Study. 1