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Bird Control Program Forward Landfill—Manteca, California <br /> operational gull control program was again a falconry-based program operated by Airstrike Bird <br /> Control, LLC. The program used several falcons (Peregrine male, Peregrine female, Sakar <br /> Falcon, Gyrfalcon/Peregrine hybrid, etc.) to control gulls at and around the landfill. Control in <br /> subsequent years was based mainly on the use of male and female Peregrine Falcons. Control <br /> was achieved by flying the falcons to lure and by allowing them to chase the gulls on occasion. <br /> The program was also supplemented with the use of pyrotechnics to scare gulls away during <br /> conditions when it is difficult to fly the falcons(e.g. foggy and stormy conditions). <br /> The objective of the control program was to prevent any gulls from feeding at the landfill <br /> or landing anywhere on the landfill property. If the gulls cannot feed at the landfill or loaf on the _ <br /> landfill or drink from occasional standing water, then they will stop returning to the landfill on <br /> subsequent days. There can be no gaps in the control coverage that might allow gulls to feed for <br /> even a few minutes because a gull can obtain all the food that it needs for the day in about 20 to _ <br /> 30 minutes of feeding at a landfill. Therefore, even small gaps in coverage could allow gulls to <br /> obtain enough food to encourage them to return to the landfill on a subsequent day. <br /> The operational gull control program began on Monday, 27 September 2010 with the <br /> intention of being in place before gulls arrived in the Stockton area for the winter. The results of <br /> the 2010-2011 program were reported in Davis (2011). In the following year, the gull control _ <br /> program was conducted from 1 December 2011 to 12 April 2012. The program was again <br /> falconry-based and was conducted again by Airstrike Bird Control Inc. The program was the same <br /> as that conducted in the previous year. _ <br /> In 2012-2013, the falconry-based gull control program by Airstrike Bird Control Inc. at <br /> Forward Landfill began on 15 October 2012 and continued until 13 April 2013. The program was _ <br /> supplemented with control using remote-controlled model airplanes and pyrotechnics before the <br /> falconry program began (1-10 October 2012)and after it had finished(15 April to 15 May 2013). <br /> Monitoring Program <br /> The success of the gull control program has been monitored in 2010-2011, 2011-2012, and — <br /> 2012-2013 by LGL Limited to provide an independent assessment of the program. The monitoring <br /> has included: <br /> 1. Daily observations made by the controllers during their control activities. These included <br /> records of all gulls that approached the landfill or flew past the landfill during the day. <br /> 2. Observations on and around the landfill by LGL personnel to confirm the observations by <br /> the controllers. <br /> 3. Observations at Forward Landfill by LGL personnel on Saturday afternoons and Sundays <br /> when the landfill was closed,the waste is covered, and the controllers were not on duty. <br /> 4. Observations at other landfills by LGL personnel to compare with the results from Forward <br /> Landfill. <br /> The independent monitoring of the 2012-2013 program began on 15 October 2012. <br /> Several sources of data are used in the evaluation. <br /> 3 30 December 2013 <br />