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"71.777-3 1 t.� 1 _ _4 I ` 'l ♦ _1 a !. Table IV.D-1 State and National Criteria Air Pollutant Standards,Effects,and Sources 8 Ozone 1 Hour 0.09 ppm - High concentrations can directly affect Formed when reactive organic gases and nitrogen oxides 8 Hour 0.07 ppm 0.075 ppm lungs,causing irritation. Long-term react in the presence of sunlight. Major sources include on- exposure may cause damage to lung tissue. road motor vehicles,solvent evaporation,and commercial/ industrial mobile equipment. Carbon 1 Hour 20 ppm ' 35 ppm Classified as a chemical asphyxiant,carbon Internal combustion engines,primarily gasoline- Monoxide (CO) 8 Hour 9.0 ppm 9 ppm monoxide interferes with the transfer of powered motor vehicles. fresh oxygen to the blood and deprives sensitive tissues of oxygen. Nitrogen 1 Hour 0.18 ppm - Irritating to eyes and respiratory tract. Motor vehicles,petroleum-refining operations, Dioxide (NO,) Annual 0.03 ppm 0.053 ppm Colors atmosphere reddish-brown. industrial sources,aircraft,ships,and railroads. Sulfur Dioxide 1 Hour 0.25 ppm - Irritates upper respiratory tract;injurious to Fuel combustion,chemical plants, sulfur recovery (SO2) 3 Hour - 0.5 ppm lung tissue. Can yellow the leaves of plants, plants,and metal processing. 24 Hour 0.04 ppm 0.14 ppm destructive to marble,iron,and steel. Limits Annual - 0.03 ppm visibility and reduces sunlight. Respirable 24 Hour 50 pg/m3 150 pg/m3 May irritate eyes and respiratory tract, Dust and fume-producing industrial and agricultural Particulate Annual 20 pg/m3 - decreases in lung capacity,cancer and operations, combustion,atmospheric photochemical Matter(PM10) increased mortality. Produces haze and reactions,and natural activities(e.g.,wind-raised dust limits visibility. and ocean sprays). Fine Particulate 24 Hour - 35 kg/m3 Increases respiratory disease,lung damage, Fuel combustion in motor vehicles,equipment,and Matter(PM2.5) Annual 12 pg/m3 15 pg/m3 cancer,and premature death. Reduces industrial sources;residential and agricultural visibility and results in surface soiling. burning;Also,formed from photochemical reactions of other pollutants,including nitrogen oxides,sulfur oxides,and organics. Lead(Pb) Month 1.5 gg/m3 - Disturbs gastrointestinal system,and causes Present sources:lead smelters,battery manufacturing Quarter - 1.5 Mg/m3 anemia,kidney disease,and neuromuscular &recycling facilities. Past source:combustion of and neurological dysfunction. leaded gasoline. SOURCE:California Air Resource Board,February 2,2007,http:i/www.arb.ca.gov/re-,earch/aa2sL-taqs2.pdf ppm=parts per million;ug/m3=micrograms per cubic meter