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{ la period of years, thus minimizing the risk of nitrate leaching and high nutrient concentrations in surface runoff. • ,Manure is more carbonaceous than commercial fertilizer and carbon is a common energy source to bacteria. Consequently, some denitification will also take place in the soil naturally. • A balanced liquids/solids application.rates are favorable to the agronomical management of the soil because of the soil requiring organic materials to increase tilth, water intake rate, water 'retention capabilities and consequently, nitrate retention capability. It is recommended that a well-documented monitoring system be implemented. • Soils will be tested for organic matter and estimated nitrogen release (ENR) from organic matter for consideration prior to applications of more nutrients. 4 }' Nutrient laden water needs to be tested with "field kits" to determine the amount of nitrogen it contains. This information is required to make a calculated application ratio of clear irrigation water with nutrient laden lagoon water. 1 It is important to apply nutrients through out the growing season as the crop requires it: i • The lagoon water needs to be managed in such a fashion that the irrigation pond is empty prior to the winter rainfall season, yet not applying nutrients to the crops when they are not needed. • Over irrigation needs to be at a minimum for nitrates can be pushed through the soil profile due to the low water holding capacity of the farms' soils. t ; 3 ` Note: The urgency of nutrient management at this site is not considered to be critical, based on the facts listed below: ► • The static water table at this site is at a depth, 70 to 90 feet, which is too far for any 'nutrient to ever reach it through the farming methods used at this operation. There is an adequate wet-dry cycle toprevent constant head pressure to force moisture too deep into the soil profile. • The nutrient requirements of the 'fields are more than 116% of the manure. nitrate available. } • The fields all have runoff water return systems to return summer irrigation runoff back to the irrigation system and to manage the winter runoff. • There is more than adequate storage (11.6%) for .rainfall runoff (October -April), manure effluent and a 25 year, 24 hour storm event. (133% if freeboard below one foot of storage is included) e All fields have been excavated to provide borders to prevent uncontrolled discharges. I . y { See Page 47 for References and Bibliography ©Westem Dairy Design Associates, Inc.2003 j Page 24 El