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about 16 inches thick. Ttntt 10 inches of the subsoil is a claypan of brc!'_�'clay. The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is a brown and light brown, indurated hardpan. In so4areas the surface layer is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Permeability is very slow in the San Joaquin soil that does not have a thick surface layer.Available water capacity is low. The shrink-swell potential is high. The effective rooting depth is limited by the hardpan at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Water is briefly perched above the claypan and hardpan after periods of heavy rainfall or irrigation. Runoff is very slow, and the hazard of water erosion is slight.The rate of water intake in irrigated areas is 1.0 inches per hour. The San Joaquin soil that has a thick surface layer is moderately deep to a hardpan and is moderately well drained. Typically,the surface layer is pinkish gray loam about 12 inches thick.The upper 14 inches of the subsoil is brown sandy clay loam. The next 9 inches is grown clay. The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is a brown and light brown, indurated hardpan. In some areas the surface layer is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Permeability is very slow in the San Joaquin soil that has a thick surface layer.Available water capacity is moderate.The shrink-swell potential is high. The effective rooting depth is limited by the hardpan at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Roots are restricted to cracks and the faces of peds in the claypan, which is at a depth of 20 to 30 inches. Water is briefly perched above the claypan and hardpan after periods of heavy rainfall or irrigation. Runoff is very slow,and the hazard of water erosion is slight.The rate of water intake in irrigated areas is 1.0 inch per hour. Because of droughtiness applications of irrigation water should be light and frequent,The water can be applied by sprinkler and border methods. I Approximate coverage of farmed properties:Reference aerial soils map;appendix IV,A Location: Soil type: #193 #219 #237 #236 #220 #102 #241 Dairy Site- 0% 0% 70% 12% 15% 3% 0% Nutrient Disposal Sites- 3% 3% 1% 0% 20% 0% 80% Soil Management Conclusion: Reference the soil/parcel map,appendix IV-A,to review the fields that are to be used to distribute the imanure and nutrient water.Note that there are areas of land that have been leveled to facilitate gravity flow irrigation using borders.There is an areas that have not been leveled. This areas will be sprinkler irrigated with a circular type,pivot system.All areas have been ripped to brake up layers of claypan to facilitate water penetration,root penetration and alleviate perched water above the claypan layers. In reviewing the soil types at this area of the dairy facility, it is obvious that the soils all have a high percentage of clay. They also have a slow to moderate rate of water permeability and low available water capacity. In consideration of proper winter water applications to the farming fields,the waste storage system is designed to retain a worse case rainfall season.The annual rainfall in the area is purported to be 14.74 inches.The area has had higher rates of rainfall in recent years.The challenge to any dairy is to manage winter applications of waste.The total storage capacity tythrough the winter months the facili ty site runoff and waste storage calculations were based on a rainfall of 22.78 inches of rainfall.This above average rainfall of 22.78"occurred during the 1994-1995 rainfall season,recorded at the A.L. Gilbert Company, Oakdale,station. The main crops are to be winter oats or wheat with corn for silage as a summer crop. The recommendation is to deep"rip"the soil to breakup the shallow claypan layers to facilitate water and root penetration through the soil profile. Considering that the soils at the areas of the facility typically have high clay content,slow to moderate permeability and a low capacity to hold water,manure solids should be applied to and worked into the soil profile to a depth of 18". This will build up the soil tilth due to an increase of organic materials to the profile. The soil should be tested to monitor the"ENR"(estimated nitrogen release), nitrate nitrogen in order to accurately calculate solid manure,nutrient laden lagoon water and commercial fertilizer to be added to the soil to provide a balance of elements for optimal plant growth and nutrient uptake. Organic materials are microbialiy converted over a period of years. Consequently,one application of manure solids will release nitrogen into the soil profile for approximately four year following. The amounts of nitrogen released will vary from year to year depending on soil type,seasonal temperatures and moisture. Thus,soil samples should be analyzed immediately before each planting to accurately account for residual nitrogen available for the up coming crop, 8 -