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When the fly populations are high during the spring and summer months, these baits are used to supplement the primary fly control method of sanitation and manure management. ` For the de Snayer's, sanitation includes freestall flushing and corral scraping, while manure management includes accelerating drying time by spreading and turning of manure on the Manure Storage Pad, and land incorporation as soon as possible after spreading at the Blossom Ranch. Until recently, all available fly baits registered for use in California had similar properties, since they _ contain the insecticide Methomyl and the pheromone attractant Muscalure. Recent studies by University of California researchers have found that housefly resistance to Methomyl can be-very high in large fly populations found on facilities such as dairies. Since Methomyl baits no longer have the insecticidal properties they once had in the 1990s, two new housefly insecticides are now available in California and will be used on the de Snayer Dairy. The first product is called"QuickStrike" and is produced by Starbar. It is a fly bait strip that is placed in strategic locations, such as around corrals, etc. It contains Nithiazine, which kills the flies quickly after ingestion of the bait. The second product is a granular bait call "QuickBayt" made by Bayer Animal Health. This material contains Imidacloprid, which is the same material used to control fleas on dogs. QuickBayt will be placed in bait stations where flies congregate on the de Snayer Dairy and Heifer Acampo Ranch. Both of these products contain the fly pheromone Muscalure and feeding attractants. low VI. CONCLUSIONS AND MONITORING RECOMMENDATIONS From the results of the nitrogen balance calculations summarized in Table 12, the amount of liquid nitrogen produced after the proposed expansion of the Ho ch D ' is approximately 93% of the nitrogen needed for optimal crop growth, provided that all manure solids continue to he exported to the Bloss Q Yzuc1, Therefore, it is our opinion, that the proposed expansion of the milking herd to 1,800 Holsteins is justifiable due to calculations demonstrating sufficient nutrient application acreage. The nitrogen balance calculations for the Acampo Ranch have determined that the cropland 's nitrogen requirement exceeds heifer nitrogen production by 46%. The Blossom Ranch shows a cropland nitrogen deficiency of 44% after the application of manure solids. Based on the results of this document, the de Snayer's will continue to implement Best Management Practices (BMPs) which will be refined as changes are made and additional knowledge is gained. As noted, subsequent BMPs which are to be employed after construction of the new Milk Barn include: 1.) Rainfall from freestall roof areas to be pipelined to Field#8 of the cropland, 2.) Cow washing will be done on a minimal basis of approximately once per week to dramatically reduce water flow to the holding pond, 3.) The new milk barn will utilize milk cooling technology that reduces water consumption and reuse of water, and 4.) Changes made to the irrigation water distribution system to include better control of the blending of nutrient water with Beaver Slough water. -22- Ckes7wy Consulting