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3 KTOXNET PIP -HEXAZINONE Page 1 of EXTOXNET Extension Toxicology Network Pesticide Information Profiles Pesticide Information Project of Cooperative Extension Offices of Cornell University, Oregon State University,the fniversity of Idaho, and the University of California at Davis and the Institute for Environmental Toxicology, 4ichigan State University. Major support and funding was provided by the USDA/Extension Service/National kgricultural Pesticide Impact Assessment Program. 3XTOXNET primary files maintained and archived at Oregon State University tevised June 1996 Hexazinone Trade and Other Names: Trade names for products containing hexazinone are DPX 3674, Pronone, and Velpar. It may be used in combination with other herbicides such as bromacil and diuron. Regulatory Status: Hexazinone is a slightly toxic compound in EPA toxicity class I. Labels for products containing hexazinone bear the Signal Word DANGER-POISON due its ability to cause serious and irreversible eye irritation. It is a General Use Pesticide (GUP). Chemical Class: triazine Introduction: Hexazinone is a triazine herbicide used against many annual,biennial, and perennial weeds, as well as some woody plants. It is mostly used on non-crop areas;however, it is used selectively for the control of weeds among sugar cane,pineapples, and lucerne. Hexazinone is a systemic herbicide that works by inhibiting photosynthesis in the target plants. Rainfall or irrigation water is needed before it becomes activated. It is available in soluble concentrate,water-soluble powder, or granular formulations. Formulation: It is available in soluble concentrate,water-soluble powder, or granular formulations. Toxicological Effects: . Acute toxicity: Hexazinone is slightly toxic via the oral route, with a reported LD50 of 1690 mg/kg in rats, and 860 mg/kg in male guinea pigs [6,15]. Via the dermal route, it is practically nontoxic,with a reported dermal LD50 in rabbits of greater than 5278 mg/kg [6,15]. Hexazinone does not cause significant skin irritation or sensitization in guinea pigs or rabbits,but it does cause severe eye irritation in rabbits [15]. Hexazinone's inhalation toxicity is very low, its 1-hour inhalation LC50 is greater than 7.48 mg/L in rats [15]. Effects due to acute exposure may include irritatation the eyes, nose and throat, as well as nausea and vomiting [29]. . Chronic toxicity: Over a 2-week period, male rats receiving dietary doses of 300 mg/kg/day showed no evidence of cumulative toxicity [15]. Male rats receiving doses of 50 mg/kg/day over 90 days showed no effects, but higher doses caused decreased body weights. Body weight gain was seen in dogs at doses of about 35 mg/kg/day and higher over 1 year [15]. Very high doses for 8 weeks did not affect hamsters and caused only