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y Trans Sohal Logistics—Nitrate Loading Section Page 8 of 13 Our Project Number: LGS140011 October 8, 2014 2.0 NITRATE LOADING STUDY Because of concern regarding nitrate leaching into groundwater from septic systems, a nitrate loading analysis was required by the EHD for the proposed development to measure the potential concentration of percolating effluent and rain fall over the long term. Where percolating effluent leaches into the ground, groundwater quality may be impacted to some degree should the effluent reach groundwater. The method utilized for the nitrate loading analysis is based on a simple mass balance formula, discussed in a published article by Hantzsche and Finnemore (1992), which provides a convenient and simplified method to estimate long-term groundwater nitrate impacts on an area-wide basis. Hantzsche and Finnemore found that over a long period of time, water quality in the upper saturated groundwater zone closely approximates the quality of percolating recharge waters. They believe that their method is a good planning tool and provides useful information to planners and local officials but with some real limitations. In their article published in Ground Water, Hantzsche and Finnemore mention that "...the equation ignores dispersion, lateral flow, and mixing with groundwater flow from up-gradient areas. These processes would generally contribute to additional reduction of nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in groundwater to the extent that the nitrate-nitrogen concentration of groundwater flow from up-gradient areas is lower." The Hantzsche and Fennemore approach is "...a conservative (worst case) first approximation of groundwater nitrate-nitrogen concentration resulting from the combined effect of on-site sewage disposal systems and precipitation. This (the equation and approach) is for estimation of long-term effect (i.e., over years) on groundwater quality, and is not intended for prediction of seasonal changes" (Hantzsche and Finnemore, 1992). The method takes into account the development area, soil denitrification factor, rainfall volume, rainfall nitrate concentration, waste effluent quantity, and waste effluent nitrate concentration. The formula, assumptions and calculations used for the analysis are shown on Plates 7 and 8. The units of nitrate used in the mass balance equation are nitrate-N, whose maximum drinking water contaminant level (MCL) is 10 mg/L. 2.1 Chemical and Physical Properties of Soil 2.1.1 Chemical and Physical Soil Properties For a discussion of on-site soil properties, refer to Section 1.5. No chemical properties are available as the Site is located within the Urban Land soil type. 2.1.2 Mass Transport Soil Properties The percolation tests have revealed that the soils from 0 to 3.2 feet are non-permeable, from 3.2 to 18 feet are permeable, and from 18 to 24 feet the soils are considered very permeable. These permeable soils will allow for rapid infiltration of water through the surface soils. The (�,Z 02014 Neil O.Anderson&Associates,Inc. A Terracon Company