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i Technical Description �3 Technical Description of the Bio-Pure®Intermittent-Cycle, Extended-Aeration System (ICEAS) The Bio-Pure ICEAS system is a complete-mix, complete-oxidation, modified-batch process for the treatment of domestic wastewater and sewage to meet California Title 22 standards for water reclamation. by Alan Tompkins, Sr. Vice President, Science & Technology NOTE: AquaClear Technologies, Inc.; is the sole owner of Bio Pure, its patents, trademark registration, processes, technologies, and technical data. AquaClear considers Bio Pure data M proprietary and restricts its use except where written permission is granted. A 3 000-gp d secondary-]evel Bio-Pure system has been tested by the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF).The complete test report,with letter ofeertification,is available from AquaClear upon request. The testing procedure used was NSF-C-9.NSF's Standard 40 was not used, as it is limited to systems of 1,500-gpd capacity or less. The biological processes within Bio-Pure systems, regardless of size, are the same. Over the years, improvements have been incorporated to take advantage of state-of-the-art equipment development, especially in the area of batch-timing by:use of microprocessors and final water polishing, and to incorporate additional enhancements tothe system's ability to consistently produce high-quality output systems while still requiring minimal operator"skills and low maintenance. Low maintenance is of prime importance, as the Bio-Pure systems are essentially designed for unmanned operation in remote locations. In order to provide continuity to this description, it is necessary to review some basic biology physics as applied to the treatment of wastewater and particularly domestic sewage. ACTIVATED SLUDGE Although activated sludge is a biological process, biology did not influence treatment system design or operation until the past few decades. While the basic process is not new, there are new developments and refinements continuously being made in research laboratories and in the field which directly affect the designs of high-quality''activated-sludge-based,batching-type treatment systems. As opposed to municipal flowthrough-type systems which process wastewater on a continuous-flow basis, batching systems hold all wastewater until that specific portion of the treatment process is complete before releasing it to the next processing stage. d NOTE: Most conventional municipal treatment plants, as well as most other small-flow packaged systems, are of the flowthrough design. The weakness of the flowthrough design is that, when fully loaded, it forces out only partially treated wastewater at the same rate that new wastewater is taken in, something that cannot happen with a batch reactor. REV 3194 j 1