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D 3385
<br /> volume infiltrated during timed intervals is converted to an
<br /> incremental infiltration velocity,usually expressed in centime- i —
<br /> tre per hour or inch per hour and plotted versus elapsed time.
<br /> The maximum-steady state or average incremental infiltration
<br /> velocity, depending on the purposelapplication of the test is 1 to o, 60 C. Ulna
<br /> equivalent to the infiltration rate. 1 fl2 .,2e In i
<br /> 5. Significance and Use \ /
<br /> r. 5.1 This test method is useful for field measurement of the
<br /> infiltration rate of soils. Infiltration rates have application to
<br /> Welded e.+,
<br /> such studies as liquid waste disposal, evaluation of potential
<br /> septic-tank disposal fields, leaching and drainage efficiencies, Ammi."w ao.y a�n+.rci.y aa.d-
<br /> - -
<br /> m.um diwen u.ns of I9 mw 13N in.l
<br /> `d irrigation requirements, water spreading and recharge, andl + nefyh+ by 5.m(1/8 In,)thick.
<br /> canal or reservoir leakage, among other applications. u
<br /> 5.2 Although the units of infiltration rate and hydraulic 50 cm i
<br /> � conductivity of soils are similar, there is a distinct difference 20 ^a I
<br /> between these two quantities. They cannot be directly related welded
<br /> unless the hydraulic boundary conditions are known, such as
<br /> hydraulic gradient and the extent of lateral flow of water,or can
<br /> ad' be reliably estimated. uewials: 3 wm 11/8 i..l atawi..w-
<br /> 5.3 The purpose of the outer ring is to promote one- allay Sheet or material
<br /> dimensional, vertical flow beneath the inner ring. of at.nar e1r6.3th
<br /> r, 5.4 Many factors affect the infiltration rate,for example the FIG.I Infiltrometer Construction
<br /> soil structure, soil layering, condition of the soil surface,
<br /> degree of saturation of the soil,chemical and physical nature of 50 by 100 mm or 100 by 100 nun (2 by 4 in.or 4 by 4 in.),or
<br /> the soil and of the applied liquid, head of the applied liquid, a jack and reaction of suitable size.
<br /> temperature of the liquid, and diameter and depth of embed- 6.4 Depth Gage—A hook gage,steel tape or rule,or length
<br /> ment of rings?Thus,tests made at the same site are not likely of steel or plastic rod pointedonone end,for use in measuring
<br /> to give identical results and the rate measured by the test and controlling the depth of liquid (head) in the infiltrometer
<br /> mm method described in this standard is primarily for comparative ring, when either a graduated Mariotte tube or automatic flow
<br /> use control system is not used.
<br /> 5.5 Some aspects of the test, such as the length of time the 6.5 Splash Guard—Several pieces of tubber sheet or burlap
<br /> tests should be conducted and the head of liquid to be applied, 150 mm(6 in.) square.
<br /> must depend upon the experience of the user, the purpose for 6.6 Rule or Tape—Two-metre (6-ft) steel tape or 300-mm
<br /> testing, and the kind of information that is sought (1-ft) steel rule.
<br /> 6.7 Tamp—Any device that is basically rigid, has a handle
<br /> 6. Apparatus not less than 550 mm(22 in.)in length,and has a tamping foot
<br /> 6.1 Inffltrometer Rings--Cylinders approximately 500 rum with an area ranging from 650 to 4000 mm2(1 to 6 in.2)and a
<br /> (20 in.) high and having diameters of about 300 and 600 rum maximum dimension of 150 mm (6 in.).
<br /> (12 and 24 in.). Larger cylinders may be used, providing the 6.8 Shovels—One long-handled shovel and one trenching
<br /> ratio of the outer to inner cylinders is about two.Cylinders can spade.
<br /> be made of 3-mm('/s-in.),hard-alloy,aluminum sheet or other _ 6.9 Liquid Containers:
<br /> material sufficiently strong to withstand hard driving, with the 6.9.1 One 200-L(55-gal) barrel for the main liquid supply,
<br /> bottom edge bevelled(see Fig. 1).The bevelled edges shall be along with a length of tubber hose to siphon liquid from the
<br /> kept sharp. Stainless steel or strong plastic rings may have to barrel to fill the calibrated head tanks (see 6.9.3).
<br /> be used when working with corrosive fluids. 6.9.2 A 13-L(12-qt) pail for initial filling of the infiltrom-
<br /> 6.2 Driving Caps—Disks of 13-mm('/z-in.)thick hard-alloy eters.
<br /> `^ aluminum with centering pins around the edge, or preferably 6.9.3 Two calibrated head tanks for measurement of liquid
<br /> having a recessed groove about 5 mm (0.2 in.) deep with a flow during the test These may be either graduated cylinders or
<br /> width about 1 min (0.05 in.) wider than the thickness of the Mariotte tubes having a minimum volume capacity of about
<br /> _ ring.The diameters of the disks should be slightly larger than 3000 mL(see Note 1 and Note 2 and Fig. 2).
<br /> those of the infiltrometer rings. Nons 1—It is useful to have one head tank with a capacity of three
<br /> 6.3 Driving Equipment—A 5.5-kg (12-1b) mall or sledge times that of the other because the area of the annular space between the
<br /> and a 600 or 900-mm(2 or 3-ft)length of wood approximately rings is about three times that of the inner ring.
<br /> Note 2—In many cases,the volume capacity of these calibrated head
<br /> tanks must be significantly larger than 3000 mL,especially if the test has
<br /> to continue overnight. Capacities of about 50 L(13 gal) would not be
<br /> 3 Discussion of factors affecting infiltration cave is contained in the following uncommon.
<br /> refeveoce: Johnson.A. l.,A Field Method for Measurcmew of Infiltration, U.S.
<br /> r. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1544-F,1963,pp.4-9. 6.10 Liquid Supply—Water, or preferably, liquid of the
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