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function should be obtained by using a medically ac- 8 Evaporation rate(butyl acetate = 1) 1)0 7, 2)0 7, ceptable array of biochemical tests 3)0.7 —Ustnalysts Since kidney damage has been observed - Reaetirfty in humans exposed to xylene, a unrielysis should be 1 Conditions contributing to instability Elevated obtained to include at a minimum specific gravity, temperatures may cattle containers to burst albumin, glucose, and a microscopic on centrifuged 2. Incompatibilities Contact with strong ojudizers sediment. may cause fires and explosions. 2 Periodic Medical Emminafioiir The aforementioned 3 Hazardous decomposition products Toxic gases medical examinations should be repeated on a biannual and vapors (such as carbon monoxide)may be released basis' in a fire involving xylene. Summary of toxicology 4. Special precautions Xylene will attack some Xylene vapor irritates the eyes, mucous membranes, forms of plastics,rubber,and coatings. and skin, at high concentrations it causes narcosis. In - Flsmmabplty �s annuls, xylene causes blood changes reflecting mild 1. Flash point. 1)32 C (90 F)(closed cup), 2)28 9 C toxicity to the hemauipoietic system. Repeated expo- (84 F);3)27.2 C(81 F) sire of rabbits to 1150 ppm of a mixture of isomers of 2. AntoignttiOn temperature: 1)463 C(859 F),2)530 xylene for 40 to 35 days caused a reversible decrease m C(986 F}3)530 C(986 F) 'red and white cell count and an increase m thrombo- 3. Flammable }mots in air, % by volume: Lower 1) CAM exposure to 6% ppm for the same time period I.A.2) 1.1;3) 1.1;Upper. l)6.0;2)7.0-,3)7.0 caused only a slight decrease in the white cell count. 4. F-xumgnishant Foam, carbon dioxide, dry chem i- Three painters working m a confined space of a fuel cal tank were overcome by xylene vapors estimated to be - Watateg weverda 10,000 ppm; they were not found until 18.5 hours after I. Odor Threshold:Patty states that "the mitral odor entering the tank,and one died from pulmonary edema of 200 ppm has an intensity of approximately 3 and an shortly thereafter; the other two recovered completely irritation value of 1. As m most other instances, olfac- in 2 days, both had temporary boat,c tmpairment tory fatigue occurs rapully and the odor n no longer (inferred from elevated serum ursnsamnum level:)and detected at this " one of them had evidence of temporary renal impair- 2. Eye ln*at m Level The AMA Hygienic Gide meas (increased blood um and reduced came states that "exposure to vapors at 200 ppm cawed eye clearance) In human-, exposure to umdetermnied but urnatiom in most of the persons tested. Lemons in the high concentrations caused dizziness, excitement, form of Cine vacuoles in the cornea of cats exposed to drowsiness.mcoondmation and a staggering gait.Work- commercial xylem vapors have been observed." era exposed to concentrations above 200 ppm complain 3. Other Informatics: The Handbook of Indy sme of anorexia,nausea,vomiting,and abdominal pain,Brief Orgmirr Chem air states that xylene "may be irritating exposure of humans to 200 ppm caused trritation of the to eyes, host and throat as exposure exceed- threshold eyes, nose, and throat. There are report- of reversible lu=L„ The Hygiaiie Guide not that 200 ppm causes corneal vacuolation in workers exposed to xylene,or to untation of the now and throat xylene plus other volatile solvents The liquid is a skin 4. Evaluation of Warning properties. Through its untant and causes erythema, dryness, and defamng; im=t effects, xyknr cerin be detected withm three prolonged contact may caws the formation of vesicim times the permissible atpaanre limit. For the purposes CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES a]with good warninnproperties. '� a mater- Data in the following section are presented for xylene'- MON three isomers: 1)ortho,2)no .and 3)pMONITORING AND MEASUREMENT espara. . phy„kW daft PROCEDURES 1. Molecular weight:106.2 - Eight-Hour Expow a Evalnatloa 2. Boiling point(760 min Hg): 1) 144.4 C(192 F} 2) Measurements to determine employee exposure are best 138.9 C(282 F}3) 138.3 C(281 F) takers so that the average eight-hour exposure is based 3. Specific gravity (water, = 1} 1) 0.88; 2)Q86; 3) on a single eight-hour sample or on two four-hoar 0.86 samples Several short-time mterval to 30 4. Vapor density(air = 1 at boiling pont of xylene): minute) may also be used to determine the�iverage 3.7 S Melting point: 1) —25 C(-12 F},2) —48 C(—K employeelevel. Air samples should be taken in the F?;3) 13 C(55 Fj 's breathing zone(air thin would most nearly 6 Vapor pressure at 20 C (68 F): 1) 7 mm Hg; 2) 9 . EErairepresent �by employee). mm Hg;3)9 mm Hg MI lents to determine employee ding exposure 7 Solubility in water, 51100 g water at 20 C(68 F)• are bat taken d 1)0.00003,2)000003;3)0.00003 � Periods of maximum expected airborne ooacestrauions of xylene. Each measmremunt 2 Xylem �ptrn+bar 1s7g -