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• The high energy use of the biosparging system would emit close to 10,000 tons of CO2 <br /> per year, which is an important concern for future global climate change <br /> considerations. <br /> 5.0 REFERENCES <br /> AFCEE (2004) Principles and Practices of Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation of <br /> Chlorinated Solvents. <br /> Ahlfield, D., Dahamani, A., and Ji, W. (1994)A Conceptual Model of Field Behavior of Air <br /> Sparging and its Implications for Application. Groundwater Monitoring Review, <br /> 14(4), 132-139. <br /> Braida, W. J. and Kee Ong, S. (2001) Air Sparging Effectiveness : Laboratory <br /> Characterization of Air-Channel Mass Transfer Zone for VOC Volatilization. Journal <br /> of Hazardous Materials, 87(1-3), 241-258. <br /> Bradley, P., Chappelle, F., and Wilson, J. (1998) Field and Laboratory Evaluation of <br /> Evidence for Intrinsic Biodegradation of Binyl Chloride Contamination in Fe(III) - <br /> Reducing Aquifer. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 31(1-2), 111-127. <br /> Clayton, W. (1996)" Air Channeling in Uniform Soils: The Exception Rather than the Rule" <br /> in Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on In Situ Air Sparging for Site <br /> Remediation - October 24 and 25, 1996. Las Vegas, NV, INET, Potomac, MD. Cited <br /> in USACE (2008). <br /> Elder, C. R. and Benson, C. H. (1999) Air Channel Formation, Size, Spacing, and <br /> Tortuosity During Air Sparging. Ground Water Monitoring and Remediaiton, 19(3), <br /> 171-181. <br /> EPA. (1995). How to Evaluate Alternative Cleanup Technologies for Underground Storage <br /> Tank Sites: A Guide for Corrective Action Plan Reviewers. <br /> EPA (1988) Guidance for Conducting Remedial Investigations and Feasibility Studies <br /> Under CERCLA. <br /> EPA (1998) Technical Protocol for Evaluating Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents <br /> iin Groundwater. <br /> EPA (2000) Engineered Approaches to In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents: <br /> Fundamentals and Field Applications. <br /> ESTCP (2002) Air Sparging Design Paradigm. <br /> Hein, G. L., Gierke, J. S., Hutzler, N. J., and Falta, R. W. (1997) Three-Dimensional <br /> Experimental Testing of Two-Phase Flow-Modeling Approach for Air Sparging. <br /> Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation, (Summer). <br /> ITRC (1998) Technical and Regulatory Requirements for Enhanced In Situ Bioremediation <br /> of Chlorinated Solvents in Groundwater. Environmental Protection. <br /> ITRC (2005) Overview of In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Ethene DNAPL Source <br /> Zones. Technology, (October). <br /> AMEC Geomatrix, Inc. <br /> \\oad-fs1\doc_safe\9000s\9837.006\4000 REGULATORYTS Assessment_Apx B_012711\Attachment B.1\Attach B1.doc Bl-11 <br />