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INFORMATION SHEET 5 WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS ORDER NO.R5-2004-XXXX DEFENSE DISTRIBUTION DEPOT SAN JOAQUIN SHARPE WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY 4 Ayers,R. S. and D.W.Westcot,Water Quality for Agriculture,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations—Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 29,Rev. 1,Rome (1985) 5 Title 22, California Code of Regulations(CCR), section 64449,Table 64449-B 6 Title 22, CCR, section 64449,Table 64449-A 7 Title 22, CCR, section 64431,Table 64431-A 8 Title 22,CCR, section 64439 9 Title 22, CCR, section 64439 10 Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Section 143.3 11 California Department of Health Services,Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management,Drinking Water Action Levels,http://www.dhs.cahwnet.gov/ps/ddwem. Domestic wastewater contains numerous dissolved inorganic waste constituents (i.e., salts,minerals)that together comprise total dissolved solids (TDS). Each component constituent is not individually critical to beneficial use protection unless they are individually listed. The cumulative impact from these other constituents, along with the cumulative affect of the constituents that are individually listed can be effectively controlled using TDS as a generic indicator parameter. Not all TDS constituents pass through the treatment process and soil profile in the same manner or rate. Chloride tends to pass through both rapidly to groundwater. As chloride concentrations in most groundwaters in the region are much lower than in treated municipal wastewater, chloride is a useful indicator parameter for evaluating the extent to which effluent reaches groundwater. Boron is another TDS constituent that may occur in wastewater in concentrations greater than groundwater depending on the source water, to the extent residents use cleaning products containing boron, and whether any industrial dischargers utilize boron(e.g., glass production, cosmetics). Other indicator constituents for monitoring for groundwater degradation due to recharged effluent include total coliform bacteria, ammonia, total nitrogen, and Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs), a by- product of chlorination. Dissolved iron and manganese are useful indicators to determine whether components of the WWTF with high-strength waste constituents, such as sludge handling facilities, are ineffective in containing waste. Exceptionally high TDS and nitrogen also typifies this type of release. Treatment Technology and Control Given the character of wastewater from the types of sources present at DDJC-Sharpe, secondary treatment,technology is generally sufficient to control degradation of groundwater from decomposable organic constituents. Adding disinfection significantly reduces populations of pathogenic organisms, and reasonable soil infiltration rates and unsaturated soils can reduce them further. Neither organics nor total coliform organisms, the indicator parameter for pathogenic organisms, should be found in groundwater in a well-designed,well-operated facility.