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equipment maintain safe clearances to the hazards. Equipment will be _ kept away from energized electrical lines by at least 24 feet. Equipment not specifically designed to move with the boom, mast or arm elevated will be returned to traveling position and condition before being moved. Equipment used in the vicinity of nearby railroad spurs will be used only with prior permission of the railroad. Flagmen or other warning means shall be used if work must be conducted on the railroad spur. All portable equipment and tools will be inspected prior to each day's use and as often as necessary to ensure that it is safe to use. Defective equipment and tools will be removed from service immediately. Examples of defective tools include: hooks and chains stretched beyond allowable deformations, cables and ropes with more than the allowable number of broken strands, missing grounding prongs on power tools, defective on/off switches, mushroomed heads of impact tools, sprung wrench jaws, missing or broken handles or guards as well as wooden handles which are cracked, splintered or loose. All equip- ment and tools will be used within their rated capacities and capabili- ties. 4.2.2 Subsurface Hazards The location of all underground pipes, electrical conductors, fuel lines, water and sewer lines must be determined prior to any excavation or subsurface penetration work. All lines must be deenergized, locked- out or blinded off where feasible. 4.2.3 Flammability Hazards The nature of this project and the operations to be performed may increase volatilization and cause a flammability hazard. All electrical equipment used during the project will be inspected to ensure that they are in good repair and have no frayed or loose connections before they may be used on site. Only approved, listed equipment and components will be used. All connections will be made in accordance with National Electric Code practices. All equipment and devices so designed will be properly grounded or bonded to an adequate ground- ing mechanism. Although explosive limits are not expected, only equipment listed as explosion proof will be used in areas where explo- sivity is sustained at or above 5 percent of the lower explosive limit. 4.2.4 Heat Stress Concerns Heat stress is the combination of both environmental and physical work factors that contribute to the total heat load imposed on the body. 4-2