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UNIFIED SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM PRIMARY DIVISIONS SECONDARY DIVISIONS GRAVELS CLEAN GW Well graded gravels, gravel-sand mixtures, little or no fines � W N GRAVELS w More than half of (Less than 5%fines) GP Poorly graded gravels, gravel-sand mixtures, tittle or no Imes Cn W a coarse fraction is o w E larger than No 4 sieve GRAVEL GM Silty gravels,gravel-sand-silt mixures, non-plastic fines z o N WITH FINES GC Clayey gavels,gravel-sand-clay mixtures, plastic fines a 0CLEAN z SANDS SW Well graded sands, gravelly sands, little or no fines uu SANDS W Y Z More than half of (Less than 5%fines) SP Poorly graded sands or gravelly sands, little or no fines �► coarse fraction is Us C) -- smaller than SAND SM Silty sands,sand-silt mixtures, non-plastic fines No 4 sieve WITH FINES SC Clayey sands, sand-clay mixtures, plastic fines `� ~ ML Inorganic silts and very fine sands,rock flour, silty or clayey fine sands or SILTS AND CLAYS clayey silts with slight plasticity p a, 'w Liquid limit is CL Inorganic clays of low to medium plasticity, gravelly clays, sandy clays, U) °y CO less than 50% silty clays,lean clays 6 0 LU c N OL Organic silts and organic silty clays of low plasticty o a rZ SILTS AND CLAYS MH Inorganic silts,micaceous or diatomaceous fine sand or silty soils, elastic silts s Liquid limit is CH Inorganic clays of high plasticity, fat clays greater than 50°/° 0 to OH Organic clays of medium to high plasticity,organic silts HIGHLY ORGANIC SOILS Pt Peat and other highly organic soils DEFINITION OF TERMS U S STANDARD SERIES SIEVE CLEAR SQUARE SIEVE OPENINGS 200 40 10 4 314" 3" 12" SAND GRAVEL SILTS AND CLAYS I COBBLES BOULDERS FINE MEDIUM COARSE FINE COARSE GRAIN SIZES 5AND5& GRAVELS Std Pani 2' ID SS SILTS & CLAYS 2 i POCKET Std Pen 2' 10 SS BLOWSIFT BLOWSIFf PENETROMETER BLOWSIFT BLOWSIFT VERY LOOSE 0 - 4 0 - 7 VERY SOFT 0 - 250 0 - 2 0 - 3 LOOSE 4 - 10 7 - 16 SOFT 250 - 500 2 - 4 3 - 6 MEDIUM DENSE 10 - 30 16 - 50 FIRM 500 - 1,000 4 - 8 6 - 13 DENSE 30 - 50 50 - 83 STIFF 1,000 - 2,000 8 - 16 13 - 26 VERY DENSE OVER 50 OVER 83 VERY STIFF 2,000 - 4,000 16 - 32 26 - 53 HARD OVER 4,000 OVER 32 OVER 53 RELATIVE DENSITY Correction CONSISTENCY Factor - 6 Number of blows of 140-pound hammer falling 30 inches to drive a 2-inch 0 D (1-3/8 inch I D ) spht spoon (ASTM D-1586) 2Unconfined compressive strength in tons/sq ft as determined by laboratory testing or approximated by the standard penetration test (ASTM D-1586), pocket penetrometer, torvane, or visual observation