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• GREGG IN SITU, INC UPGRADIENT December 11 , 2003 Gillies Trucking 03-373ma Stockton, Ca In situ groundwater samples were taken at six locations Groundwater samples were collected using a Hydropunch® type groundwater sampling system (figure 2) The groundwater sampler operates by pushing 1 75 inch diameter hollow rods with a retrievable tip A stainless steel filter screen is attached to the tip At the desired sampling depth, the rods are retracted exposing the filter screen and allowing for groundwater infiltration A small diameter bailer is then used to collect groundwater samples through the hollow rod 3 0 CONE PENETRATION TEST DATA & INTERPRETATION The cone penetration test data is presented in graphical form Penetration depths are referenced to existing ground surface This data includes CPT logs of measured so[] parameters and a computer tabulation of interpreted soil types along with additional geotechnical parameters and pore pressure dissipation data The stratigraphic interpretation is based on relationships between cone bearing (qc), sleeve friction (fs), and penetration pore pressure (U) The friction ratio (Rf), which is sleeve friction divided by cone bearing, is a calculated parameter which is used to infer soil behavior type Generally, cohesive soils (clays) have high friction ratios, low cone bearing and generate large excess pore water pressures Cohesionless soils (sands) have lower friction ratios, high cone bearing and generate little in the way of excess pore water pressures Pore Pressure Dissipation Tests (PPDT`s) were taken at various intervals in order to measure hydrostatic water pressures and approximate depth to groundwater table In addition, the PPDT data can be used to estimate the horizontal permeability (kh) of the soil The correlation to permeability is based on the time required for 50 percent of the measured dynamic pore pressure to dissipate (t50) The PPDT correlation figure (figure 3) is provided in the Appendix The interpretation of soils encountered on this project was carried out using recent correlations developed by Robertson et al, 1990 It should be noted that it is not always possible to clearly identify a soil type based on qc, fs and U In these situations, experience and judgement and an assessment of the pore pressure dissipation data should be used to infer the soil behavior type The soil classification chart (figure 4) used to interpret soil types based on qc and Rf is provided in the Appendix Interpreted output requires that depth of water be entered for calculation purposes, where depth to water is unknown an arbitrary depth in excess of 10 feet of the deepest sounding is entered as the groundwater depth