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function should be obtained by using a medically ac. 8. E cePtable array of biochemical tests Evaporation race(butyl acetate = 1): !)0.7; Z}0.7; 3)0.7 --Urinalysis:Since kidney damage has been observed - Reseti►1t3, in humans exposed to xylene, a urinalysis should be 1. Conditions contributing to instability: Elevated obtained to include 'at a minimum specific gravity, tempcntures may cause containers to burst. sediment glucose, and a microscopic on centrifuged 2. Incompatibilities: Contact with strong oxidizers MAY cause fires and explosions. 2- Periodic Medica! LEmminatiew The aforementioned 3. Hazardous decomposition medical examinations should be products: Toxic gases basis. on a biannual and vapors (such as carbon monoxide)may be released Summary of ttux#enlogy in a fire involving xylene.' Xylene vapor irritates the eyes, mucous membranes, 4. Special precautions: Xylene will attack some fo and shin; at high concentrations it causes narcosis. In frma ofF1ammPh�a'rubber,and coatings. anunals, xylene causes blood char toxicity to the hems � reflecting mild I. Flash point: 1)32 C(90 F) (closed cup); 2) 28.9 C topoietic system. Repeated expo. (84 F),3)27.2 C(81 F) sure of rabbits to IIS0 ppm of a mixture of isomers of 2. Autoignition tem xylene for 40 to SS days caused a reversible decrease in C(986 F}3)330 C(98fi 1}465 C(869 F);2)330 ' red and white cell count and an increase in thrombo- 3. Flammable limits in air, 96 cytes; exposure to 590 period ' ) by volume: Lower: 1) caused only a slight decrease in the white cell count. l�4,2Extin ) I.1;Upper: 1)6.0-,2)7.0;3)i7.0 ds Three painters workingm a Bshaat: FOS+ carbon dioxide, dry chemi- confined spa of a fuel cal tank were overcome by xylene vapors estimated to be • R'arnfng Ps+oPwrties 10.000 ppm; they were not found until 18.3 hours after L Odor Threshold:Patty states that"the initial odor entering the tank and one died from Pulmonary edema of 2()D ppm has as intensity of approximately 3 and an shortly thereafter; the other two recovered overed completely irritation value of I. As in most other instances, olfac. in 2 days; both had temporary hepatic impeirnmt tory fatigue occurs {inferred from elevated scrum transaminaw levels)and detected at this concentraflOI,rapidly and the odor is no longer ' ore of them had evidence of temporary renal impair- 2. Eye Irritation Level: The AMA H) exit Garde(increased blood urea and reduced creatinine states that "expcuure to vapors at 200 ppm caused eye clearance)' In humans, eXPOVJ= to undeterminedbut irritation in most of the high concentrations P tested. Lesions is the caused dizelaen excitement, form of fine vacuoles in the cornea of ata exposed to drowsiness,incoordination and a staggering gait.Work. oomme�x�cial xylene vapors have been observed." ers exposed to concentrations above 200 ppm complain 3. Other Information: The Handbook 0f Indrurrial of anorexia,nausea,vomiting,and abdominal pain.Brief 0manic Chemicab states that xylene -may be irritating exposure of humans to 200 ppm caused irritation of the to eye none and throat as exposure exceeds threshold eyes, nose, and throat, There are report of reversible limit." The Hygienic Guide notes that 200 ppm causes corneal vacuolation in workers exposed to xylene,or to irritation of the nose and throat. ' xylene plus other volatile solvents. The liquid is a skin 4. Evaluation of Warning properties: Through its irritant and causes erythema, dryness, and defatting; irritant effects, xylene can be detected within three Prolonged contact may am the formation of vesicles, times the permissible exPosure limit. For the purposes of this 1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES &I with good w guideline'therefore-xylene as a mate"' g properties. Data in the following section are pmented for xylene's MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT three isomer: 1)mho.2)eta,and 3)para.'. PROCEDURES• Physical data I. Molecular weight: 106.2 2. Boiling point (750 mmPAglit-Hour Exposare E ' 138.9 C(282 F?;3)138.3 C(281 l) 144.4 C (292 F); 2) Measurements to determine employee exposure are best 3' Specific gravity (water 1): 1) 0.88; 2) 0.86; 3) uJ m that the average eight.hour exposure is based 0.85 singleeight-horn sample or on two four-bora ' 4. Vapor density(air = 1 usamples. Several short-time interval samples (up to 30 3.78 point of xylene}: minutes) may also be used to determine the average S. Melting point; 1) -23 C(-12 F}2) -48 C(-34 UPOsure.lam `ir sampka should be taken in the 'y F);3) 13 C(35 F) emploYee s breathing zone(air that would most nearly S. Vapor pressure at 20 C (68 F): 1) 7num Hgy 2) 9 represent that inhaled by the employee). m m mHg;3)9 mmHg comft Evalusdou 7. Solubility in water. g/100 g water at 20 C(58 Measurements to determine employee ceiling exposure 1)0.00003;2)0.00003;.3)0.00003 �� are best taken during pmt of maximum expected airborne concentramm of xylene. Each measurement ' 2 xyiene s.phnnbw 1978 .