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SITE HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN roMOMATRIX 5.2.4 Heat Stress Hazards Heat stress is a major hazard, especially for workers wearing protective clothing. To avoid heat stress, drink plenty of fluids and take periodic work breaks. The signs, symptoms, and treatment of heat stress include: • Heat rash, which may result from exposure to heat or humid air. • Heat cramps, which are caused by heavy sweating with inadequate electrolyte re- placement. Signs and symptoms include: muscle spasms and pain in the hands, feet, and abdomen. Persons experiencing these symptoms should rest in a cooler area, drink cool (not cold) liquids, and gently massage cramped muscles. • Heat exhaustion, which occurs from increased stress on various body organs includ- ing inadequate blood circulation due to cardiovascular insufficiency or dehydration. Signs and symptoms include: pale, cool, moist skin; heavy sweating; dizziness; nau- sea; and fainting. Persons experiencing these symptoms should he down in a cooler area, drink cool liquids with electrolytes (Gatorade, etc.),remove any protective clothing, and cool body with wet compresses at forehead, back and neck, and/or arm- pits- • Heat stroke is the most serious form of heat stress. Temperature regulation fails and the body temperature rises to critical levels. Immediate action must be taken to cool the body before serious injury and death occur. Competent medical help must be ob- tained. Signs and symptoms are: red, hot, usually dry skin; lack of or reduced per- spiration; nausea; dizziness and confusion; strong, rapid pulse; and coma. 5.2.5 Cold Stress Hazards Exposure to cold can cause the body's internal temperature to drop to a dangerously low level. This is called hypothermia Exposure to temperatures below freezing can cause frostbite of hands, feet, and face. Symptoms of hypothermia include: • vague, slow, slurred speech, • forgetfulness, memory lapses, • inability to use hands, • frequent stumbling, • drowsiness. To prevent hypothermia, stay dry and avoid exposure. Wear sufficient clothing in layers such that outer clothing is wind- and waterproof and inner layers retain warmth(wool or polypropylene). Keep hands and feet well protected at all times. LAPROJECn6741.000\6741-07.doc 8