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extraction and bioremediation. The affected soil can also be physically contained to prevent <br /> migration of hydrocarbons into ground water. <br /> Excavation and Aboveground Treatment <br /> r1 <br /> Removal of hydrocarbonous soil by excavation is a common remediation method. After <br /> .j excavation, the soil can be hauled offsite and disposed of in an appropriate facility or <br /> treated to reduce hydrocarbon concentrations by a variety of methods including uncontrolled <br /> aeration, controlled vapor extraction: incineration, wet chemical oxidation, or <br /> bioremediation. After treatment,the soil can usually be hauled to a local Class III landfill, <br /> used as roadbase, or mixed with asphalt. Because gasoline hydrocarbons are relatively <br /> volatile, uncontrolled aeration and controlled vapor extraction are the most cost-effective <br /> methods. Uncontrolled aeration is generally the most cost-effective method, but requires <br /> a large surface area and periodic turning of the soil by a backhoe. The method is usually <br /> not practical during winter months. Controlled vapor extraction is somewhat more costly <br /> due to permitting and operation of vapor-extraction and emission control devices, but <br /> requires less room and can generally be accomplished during (lie winter months. Because <br /> of the relative volatility of gasoline hydrocarbons,treatment by bioremediation,incineration, <br /> or wet chemical oxidation is probably not cost effective in comparison to uncontrolled <br /> aeration and controlled vapor extraction. <br /> 1✓.icavation and aboveground treatment is often a cost-effective method for soil remediation. <br /> The applicability of this method at this site is limited, however, because soil with residual <br /> A, PAjOad GeoSyst4gInS <br />