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n <br />G. Confined Space <br />A Confined Space (CS) is any enclosed area having a limited means of egress where ventilation <br />is not adequate to remove a toxic or flammable atmosphere or oxygen deficiency, which may <br />exist. Examples of confined spaces include, but are not limited to the following: tanks, boilers, <br />vessels, bins, manholes, tunnels, pipelines, underground utility vaults, or any open top space <br />more than four feet in depth such as pits, tubes, trenches, or vessels. <br />H. Radiological Hazards <br />Radiation Monitoring <br />Undocumented or illegal burn dumps typically contain unclassified wastes that may include <br />radioactive materials. The following sections describe methods and equipment that will be used <br />to detect radioactive materials in the field and measure radiation emissions. A contingency plan <br />is included that describes the course of action to be followed if high-level radioactivity materials <br />are discovered. The action level for this removal is set at three times (3x) background radiation, <br />while the maximum allowable, level is set at 2 milliroentgen per hour (2 mR/hr) at one foot. <br />Radiation monitoring is discussed in Section 12. <br />Alpha Particle :` <br />2 protons/2 neutrons <br />Travels 2-4 inches in air <br />Not a serious external hazard <br />Serious internal hazards <br />Shielding: Stopped by a sheet of <br />paper <br />Beta Particle <br />Electrons released from the <br />Shielding: Stopped by a thick <br />nucleus <br />sheet of aluminum <br />Ji <br />Travels up to 50 feet in air <br />Distance: Inverse square law <br />. <br />External and internal hazard <br />applies <br />Gamma Rays r;, <br />Waves of electromagnetic energy <br />Shielding: Varies with shielding <br />or photons released from the <br />materials (3 feet of concrete or <br />nucleus <br />lead) <br />Travels up to 1 mile in air <br />Distance: Inverse square law <br />External and internal hazard <br />a lies <br />H. Heat Stress <br />With the possible combination of ambient factors such as high air temperature, low air <br />movement, high radiant heat, and protective clothing, the potential for heat'stress is a concern. <br />All on-site personnel will be made familiar with the symptoms of heat stress and the conditions <br />during which they may occur. Heat stress symptoms may include elevated heart rate, nausea, <br />headache, lightheadedness, and lack of coordination or decreased job performance or slurred <br />speech. <br />Santa Fe Road Disposal Site — Health & Safety Plan 19 <br />October 2002 <br />