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s <br /> Sensor Voltage mV <br /> 1000 <br /> New Sensor <br /> 800 ®® - - - - Aged Sensor (Aged by temperature) <br /> ® ® Leaded Sensor (Leaded gasoline <br /> ® used) <br /> 600 ® ® ` Aged Sensor (Aged by deposit) <br /> 0 <br /> W 400 <br /> 200 <br /> .98 .99 1.00 1.01 1.02 <br /> Normalized Air-Fuel Ratio (a) <br /> FIGURE 4. AGING OF LAMBDA SENSOR <br /> SOURCE: 2Gruber and Wiedenmann, Three Years Experience With The Lambda Sensor In <br /> Automotive Control Systems <br />