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KLEINF-ELDER Bright People.Right Solutions. 20,135 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent (MMT CO2e); U.S. emissions during the same year were estimated at 7,074 MMT CO2e. GHG emissions are associated with the combustion of carbon-based fuels; major GHG sources in California include transportation (40.7%), electric power (20.5%), industrial (20.5%), agriculture and forestry (8.3%) and others (8.3%). GHG emissions in California in 2004 were estimated at 484 MMT CO2e. Concerns related to global climate change include the direct consequences of an altered, warmer climate but also include reduced air quality, reduced snowpack and impacts on water supply and higher-intensity storms, rising sea level and the potential impact of these changes to the built environment as well as existing ecosystems and the species that depend on them. The State of California is identifying strategies and implementing GHG emission reduction programs through AB 32 the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006. AB 32 identifies global climate change as a "serious threat to the economic well-being, public health, natural resources and the environment of California." A project that would contribute to global climate change may have a significant effect on the environment, which therefore needs to be considered under CEQA. The State adopted its Global Climate Change Scoping Plan in December 2008. Primary strategies addressed in the Scoping Plan include new industrial and emission control technologies, alternative energy generation technologies, advanced energy jconservation in lighting, heating, cooling and ventilation, reduced-carbon fuels, hybrid and electric vehicles, and other methods of improving vehicle mileage. tState planning studies leading to the Scoping Plan identified a variety of potential GHG reduction strategies, including new industrial and emission control technologies, alternative energy generation technologies, advanced energy conservation in lighting, heating, cooling and ventilation, reduced-carbon fuels, hybrid and electric vehicles, and other methods of improving vehicle mileage. Opportunities related to planning and entitlement of new land development were identified as plans that promote use of alternative transportation modes and reduce individual vehicular travel, and site and building designs that increase energy efficiency. Smart Growth, "sustainable development" and "compact development" represent development patterns that may result in indirect reductions in GHG emissions, and infill projects are generally recognized as projects that would produce such results. Reduction in solid waste disposal volumes and increased recycling also contribute to GHG emission reductions. Energy conservation is an important component of "green" building programs such as LEED and Build It Green. However, green building programs are not exclusively energy conservation or GHG reduction-oriented. While certification points for these programs are substantially from building energy performance, the application of these programs must be directed toward energy conservation to maximize their effectiveness as a GHG 121339/ST011 R226 3-67 October 14, 2011 Copyright 2011 Kleinfelder