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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 724060 - Unbranded Gasoline Reformulated with Ethanol Page 8/10 Issue Date: 20-Jun-2016 Status: FINAL miscarriage and stillbirth and decreased birth weight and gestational age. The size of the effects detected in these studies was small, and ascertainment of exposure and outcome in some cases relied on self-reports, which may limit the reliability of these results. Target Organ(s): Prolonged or repeated exposures to benzene vapors can cause damage to the blood and blood forming organs, including disorders like leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and aplastic anemia. Germ Cell Mutagenicity: Benzene exposure has resulted in chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes and animal bone marrow cells. Exposure has also been associated with chromosomal aberrations in sperm cells in human and animal studies. n-Hexane Reproductive Toxicity: Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of n-hexane (>1,000 ppm) resulted in decreased sperm count and degenerative changes in the testes of rats but not those of mice. Target Organ(s): Excessive exposure to n-hexane can result in peripheral neuropathies. The initial symptoms are symmetrical sensory numbness and paresthesias of distal portions of the extremities. Motor weakness is typically observed in muscles of the toes and fingers but may also involve muscles of the arms, thighs and forearms. The onset of these symptoms may be delayed for several months to a year after the beginning of exposure. The neurotoxic properties of n-hexane are potentiated by exposure to methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone. Ethylbenzene Carcinogenicity: Rats and mice exposed to 0, 75, 250, or 750 ppm ethyl benzene in a two year inhalation study demonstrated limited evidence of kidney, liver, and lung cancer. Ethyl benzene has been listed as a possible human carcinogen by IARC. Target Organ(s): In rats and mice exposed to 0, 75, 250, or 750 ppm ethyl benzene in a two year inhalation study there was mild damage to the kidney (tubular hyperplasia), liver (eosinophilio foci, hypertrophy, necrosis), lung (alveolar epithelium metaplasia), thyroid (hyperplasia), thyroid (hyperplasia) and pituitary (hyperplasia). In animal models (particularly rats), ethyl benzene affects the auditory function mainly in the cochlear mid-frequency range and ototoxicity was observed after combined exposure to noise and ethyl benzene. There is no evidence of either ethyl benzene-induced hearing losses or ototoxicity with combined exposure to ethyl benzene and noise in workers. SECTION 12: Ecological information Toxicity: Acute aquatic toxicity studies on samples of gasoline and naphtha streams show acute toxicity values greater than 1 mg/L and mostly in the range 1-100 mg/L. These tests were carried out on water accommodated fractions, in closed systems to prevent evaporative loss. Results are consistent with the predicted aquatic toxicity of these substances based on their hydrocarbon composition. These substances should be regarded as toxic to aquatic organisms, with the potential to cause long term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. Persistence and Degradability: The hydrocarbons in this material are not readily biodegradable but are regarded as inherently biodegradable since their hydrocarbon components can be degraded by microorganisms. Persistence per IOPC Fund definition: Non-Persistent Bioaccumulative Potential: Log Kow values measured for the hydrocarbon components of this material range from 3 to greater than 6 and therefore are regarded as having the potential to bioaccumulate. In practice, metabolic processes or physical properties may prevent this effect or limit bioavailability. Mobility in Soil: On release to water, hydrocarbons will float on the surface and since they are sparingly soluble, the only significant loss is volatilization to air. In air, these hydrocarbons are photodegraded by reaction with hydroxyl radicals with half lives varying from 6.5 days for benzene to 0.5 days for n-dodecane. Other adverse effects: None anticipated. SECTION 13: Disposal considerations The generator of a waste is always responsible for making proper hazardous waste determinations and needs to consider state and local requirements in addition to federal regulations. This material, if discarded as produced, would not be a federally regulated RCRA "listed" hazardous waste. However, it would likely be identified as a federally regulated RCRA hazardous waste for the following characteristic(s) shown below. See Sections 7 and 8 for information on handling, storage and personal protection and Section 9 for physical/chemical properties. It is possible that the material as produced contains constituents which are not required to be listed in the SDS but could affect the hazardous waste determination. Additionally, use which results in chemical or GHS Classification: H411 -- Hazardous to the aquatic environment, chronic toxicity -- Category 2 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.