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2.0-Geomembrane Puncture Protection <br /> According to Koerner(1998),the allowable pressure (P'w1oH) that can be tolerated by a geotextile <br /> layer subject to a protrusion of effective height H is given by, <br /> PQuow = 50+0.00045 H—M ] [ I MF .MF MF RF RF (Eq- 1) <br /> S PD' A CR' CBD <br /> where, <br /> P'.,,0,,, =Allowable pressure (in kPa) <br /> M =Mass per unit area of the geotextile cushion(in g/m2) <br /> H =Effective protrusion height(in meters) <br /> MFs =Modification factor for shape of protrusion <br /> MFPD =Modification factor for packing density <br /> MFA =Modification factor for arching <br /> FsCR =Partial factor of safety for creep <br /> FSCBD =Partial factor of safety for chemical and biological degradation <br /> A 16-oz/yd2 (i.e., 540 g/m2) non-woven needle-punched geotextile cushion is proposed to be <br /> used in Module 4;therefore, <br /> M =540 g/m2 <br /> For the proposed drainage layer of a %2 inch crushed rock (packed stones), the effective <br /> protrusion height can be assumed to be half the maximum stone size; i.e., <br /> H =0.5 x 0.5 inch=0.25 inch=6.35 mm=0.00635 m <br /> For angular stone, <br /> MFS = 1.0 <br /> For packed stones, <br /> MFPD =0.5 <br /> Because waste to be placed above the geotextile cushion is deep, maximum arching is <br /> anticipated,therefore, <br /> MFA =0.5 <br /> N.\sacDP12003U'i j18318356083ap.doc <br /> (NCRCSL) <br /> 2 <br />