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WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS ORDER R5-2012-0103 - 12 - CONSTELLATION BRANDS U.S. OPERATIONS, INC. dba WOODBRIDGE WINERY WOODBRIDGE WINERY SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY d. Crop uptake of salt ions was less than the amount of FDS applied. Uptake rates of up to 1,100 lbs/ac/year were achieved. Crop uptake of FDS has been and will continue to be less than the total FDS mass applied. This includes an estimated 165 pounds of wastewater supplied nitrogen. 30. Crops will be periodically cut and removed from the LAAs, which will remove the nitrogen, potassium, and other dissolved solids that are taken up by the plants. 31. TDS is composed of both Volatile Dissolved Solids (VDS) and FDS. The proportion of VDS to FDS in wastewater varies with the source, but 50-percent of the TDS in winery wastewater may be in the volatile form. The VDS can be biologically treated by soil microorganisms in a well-managed wastewater treatment and land application system, when wastewater is not over-applied. The forecast flow-weighted average FDS concentration of the blended wastewater, storm water and supplemental irrigation water is about 775 mg/L. Based on the anticipated average annual wastewater flow rate of 100 Mgal at full build-out, approximately 834,000 pounds/year of wastewater FDS will be applied (8,257 lbs/ac/year). 32. The Discharger has estimated the average total nitrogen concentration in wastewater to be 20 mg/L. Based on the anticipated average annual wastewater flow rate (100 Mgal), approximately 16,680 pounds/year of total nitrogen will be applied (165 lbs/ac/year). The Crop Uptake and Assimilative Capacity report indicated that for LAA acreage, doubled cropped with alfalfa, Sudan grass, and/or triticale grass, nitrogen uptake rates were determined to be approximately 360 lbs/ac/year. Therefore, proposed nitrogen loading rate is unlikely to degrade groundwater quality. Because the Crop Uptake and Assimilative Capacity did not consider potassium, which is now a key waste constituent due to sodium reduction efforts, it is appropriate to require the Discharger to develop and implement a Nutrient Management Plan that considers all macronutrients (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium). 33. Because treated wastewater will not provide adequate water to meet the crop demand, supplemental irrigation water will be required to maintain crop health in the summer months (generally May through September) during normal precipitation years. During 100-year return annual precipitation years, supplemental irrigation water may be required from July through September. Supplemental irrigation water will be provided by the on-site irrigation wells and Mokelumne River water (for which the Discharger has riparian rights). The agricultural irrigation wells produce water that varies in TDS concentration from 250 mg/L to 433 mg/L and averages 343 mg/L. Mokelumne River water averages approximately 60 mg/L TDS. The FDS loading that occurs from the supplemental irrigation water is in addition to that derived from wastewater. Therefore, it is appropriate to require that the Discharger maximize the use of high quality surface water for supplemental irrigation to minimize the salinity of the LAA percolate. 34. The RWD summarized a soil investigation and cropping study the Discharger performed. The investigation included collection of soil samples at various depths to assess changes in soil chemistry. The study period extended from October 2007 through January 2010 over four crop growth cycles. Soil moisture, climate, irrigation volume, irrigation water quality, crop harvest/uptake, and soil chemistry were