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Administrative Draft Environmental Impact Report Gill Medical Center Project 4.10.1.2 Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions In 2019, CARB released the 2019 edition of the California GHG inventory covering calendar year 2017 emissions. In 2017, California emitted 424.1 million gross metric tons of CO2e including from imported electricity. Combustion of fossil fuel in the transportation sector was the single largest source of California's GHG emissions in 2017, accounting for approximately 41 percent of total GHG emissions in the state. This sector was followed by the industrial sector(24 percent) and the electric power sector including both in- and out-of-state sources (15 percent) (CARB 2019). Emissions of CO2 are by-products of fossil fuel combustion. CH4, a highly potent GHG, primarily results from off-gassing (the release of chemicals from nonmetallic substances under ambient or greater pressure conditions) and is largely associated with agricultural practices and landfills. N20 is also largely attributable to agricultural practices and soil management. CO2 sinks, or reservoirs, include vegetation and the ocean, which absorb CO2 through sequestration and dissolution (CO2 dissolving into the water), respectively, two of the most common processes for removing CO2 from the atmosphere. 4.10.2 Regulatory Setting 4.10.2.1 State Executive Order S-3-05 Executive Order (EO) S-3-05, signed by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in 2005, proclaims that California is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. It declares that increased temperatures could reduce the Sierra Nevada snowpack, further exacerbate California's air quality problems, and potentially cause a rise in sea levels.To combat those concerns, the EO established total GHG emission targets for the state. Specifically, emissions are to be reduced to the 2000 level by 2010, the 1990 level by 2020, and to 80 percent below the 1990 level by 2050. While dated, this EO remains relevant because a more recent California Appellate Court decision, Cleveland National Forest Foundation v. San Diego Association of Governments (2014) 231 Cal.AppAth 1056, examined whether it should be viewed as having the equivalent force of a legislative mandate for specific emissions reductions. While the California Supreme Court ruled that the San Diego Association of Governments did not abuse its discretion by declining to adopt the 2050 goal as a measure of significance in light of the fact that the EO does not specify any plan or implementation measures to achieve its goal, the decision also recognized that the goal of a 40 percent reduction in 1990 GHG levels by 2030 is "widely acknowledged" as a "necessary interim target to ensure that California meets its longer-range goal of reducing GHG emissions 80 percent below 1990 levels by the year 2050. Assembly Bill 32 Climate Change Scoping Plan and Updates In 2006, the California legislature passed Assembly Bill (AB) 32 (Health and Safety Code § 38500 et seq., or AB 32), also known as the Global Warming Solutions Act. AB 32 requires CARB to design and implement feasible and cost-effective emission limits, regulations, and other measures, such that statewide GHG emissions are reduced to 1990 levels by 2020 (representing a 25 percent reduction in emissions). AB 32 anticipates that the GHG reduction goals will be met, in part, through local government actions. CARB has Greenhouse Gas and Climate Change 4.10-3 October 2021