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CONTENTS <br /> Page <br /> Abstract................................................................................................................................... i <br /> Preface ..................................................................................................................................... <br /> Introduction............................................................................................................................. 1 <br /> Background......................................................................................................................... 1 <br /> Objectives............................................................................................................................ 2 <br /> Scope................................................................................................................................... 2 <br /> Description and operation of CRREL overland flow test site................................................... 3 <br /> Hydraulicdetention time......................................................................................................:.. 4 <br /> Theoreticaldevelopment..................................................................................................... 5 <br /> Determination of resistance coefficient............................................................................... 5 <br /> Validation............................................................................................................................ 6 <br /> Kinetics.................................................................................................................................... 7 <br /> BODremoval ...................................................................................................................... 7 <br /> TSSremoval........................................................................................................................ 7 <br /> Nitrogenremoval................................................................................................................. 10 <br /> Phosphorusremoval............................................................................................................. 11 <br /> Validation............................................................................................................................ 11 <br /> Designprocedure.....................................................................................................................: 14 <br /> Step 1: Determine the detention time................................................................................ 14 <br /> Step 2: Calculate the application rate................................................................................. 14 <br /> Step 3: Calculate the land area........................................................................................... 15 <br /> Designexample........................................................................................................................ 15 <br /> Comparison with the traditional design approach..................................................................... 17 <br /> Literaturecited........................................................................................................................ 18 <br /> Appendix A: CRREL overland flow data................................................................................ 19 <br /> Appendix B: Analytical techniques......................................................................................... 27 <br /> Appendix C: Determination of scour velocity......................................................................... 29 <br /> ILLUSTRATIONS <br /> Figure <br /> 1. Concept drawing of overland flow system...................................................................... 1 . <br /> 2. Schematic of CRREL overland flow test site ................................................................. 2 <br /> 3. Typical runoff hydrograph............................................................................................. 4 <br /> 4. Typical chloride response curve for measuring detention time....................................... 4 <br /> S. Overland flow rate vs detention time for CRREL overland flow test site ....................... 6 <br /> 6. BOD removal efficiency vs detention time...................................................................... 9 <br /> 7. Concentration of BOD and suspended solids vs downslope distance on section C........... 9 <br /> 8. Total suspended solids removal efficiency vs detention time.......................................... 10 <br /> 9. NH3-N removal efficiency vs detention time................................................................... 10 <br /> 10. Total phosphorus removal vs detention time.................................................................. 11 <br /> 11. Topographic sketch of proposed overland flow site ....................................................... 16 <br /> 12. Possible configuration of terraces and storage pond for hypothetical overland flow <br /> system................................................................................................................... 16 <br /> iii <br />