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LLNL Emergency Management Plan (EPlan) Rev 27 January 2022 71 Of these types, Hazardous Materials Operational Emergencies may be further classified as Alert, Site Area Emergency, or General Emergency. Safeguards and Security Operational Emergencies may be classified based on the potential for a release of hazardous materials and the projected consequences. 5.1.2 Hazardous Materials Operational Emergency Classifications Hazardous Materials Operational Emergencies may be classified in order of increasing severity. Alert: A condition in which an actual or potential substantial degradation in the level of control over hazardous materials exists. Site Area Emergency: A condition in which the radiation dose from any release of radioactive material, or concentration in air from any release of other hazardous material, is expected to exceed the applicable Protective Action Criterion at or beyond the facility boundary. The Protective Action Criterion is not expected to be exceeded at or beyond the site boundary. General Emergency: A condition in which the radiation dose from any release of radioactive material, or a concentration in air from any release of other hazardous material, is expected to exceed the applicable Protective Action Criterion at or beyond the site boundary. 5.2 Emergency Action Levels/Protective Action Sheets 5.2.1 Emergency Action Levels Description Emergency Action Levels (EALs) are specific, pre-determined, observable criteria used by the EMDO to recognize and identify that the incident is an Operational Emergency. Once this discovery is made, EALs are used by the EMDO to help determine appropriate protective actions for onsite personnel and protective action recommendations for offsite populations. For each facility for which an Alert, Site Area Emergency or General Emergency is defined, the EALs describe on-scene indicators, list the distance to the nearest site boundary, and describe the conditions and indicators upon which the classification is based, including the maximum distances at which the Protective Action Guide (PAG) or sixty-minute Acute Exposure Guideline Level (AEGL60-2) values would be observed. EALs are developed for potential Operational Emergencies, including radiological and non-radiological releases, terrorism and sabotage (malevolent acts), fires, explosions and natural phenomena. EALs in use at LLNL also allow for discretionary implementation by the responsible EMDO. Additionally, the EMDO will use the North America Emergency Response Guidebook (or “Orange Book” – latest edition) for categorization and classification of transportation-related HazMat events. The EMDO Handbooks are updated when EALs change due to revisions to EPHAs. Locations of controlled copies of the EAL books may be found in PPD files. Additional detail regarding EAL development and use may be found in PPD plans/procedures.