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Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) - Wastewater treatment course, it may be a combination of the liquid or water-carried <br /> process where a selected membrane is integrated with a wastes from residences, business buildings, and institutions, <br /> biological process to act as a suspended growth bioreactor. together with those from industrial establishments, and with <br /> such ground water, surface water, and storm water as may <br /> Micro-Organisms—Microscopic plans and animals such as be present. <br /> bacteria, molds, protozoa, algae, and small metazoa. <br /> Sewers — A system of pipes used for collecting domestic <br /> Mixed Liquor — The combination of primary effluent and and industrial waste, as well as storm water run-off. Lateral <br /> active biological solids (return sludge) in the activated sewers connect homes and industries to trunk sewers, <br /> sludge process that is fed into the aeration tank. which channel waste into interceptor sewers for delivery to <br /> sewage treatment plant. Sanitary sewers carry only <br /> Mixed Media Gravity Filter— A filter using more than one domestic and industrial wastewater. Storm sewers carry <br /> filtering media (such as coal and sand). only storm water run-off. Combined sewers carry both. <br /> Moving Bed Bioreactor (MBBR) - Method to biologically Sludge — The accumulated suspended solids of sewage <br /> treat wastewater by circulating moving media in an aerobic deposited in tanks or basins. <br /> sludge environment. <br /> Suspended Solids — Solids physically suspended in <br /> Nutrient — Any substance assimilated by organisms that sewage that can be removed by proper laboratory filtering. <br /> promotes growth &replacement of cellular constituents. <br /> Tertiary Waste Treatment — Following secondary <br /> Organic Matter — The waste from homes or industry of treatment, the clarified effluent may require additional <br /> plant or animal origin. Volatile fraction of solids. aeration and/or other chemical treatment to destroy bacteria <br /> remaining from the secondary treating stage, and to <br /> Organic Material — Material that can be broken down by increase the content of dissolved oxygen needed for <br /> bacteria (fats, meats, plant life). oxidation of the residual BOD. Tertiary treatment can also <br /> be used to remove nitrogen and phosphorous. <br /> Oxidation — The conversion of organic material to a more <br /> stable form using bacteria,chemicals, or oxygen. Total Solids — The total amount of solids in solution and <br /> suspension. <br /> Oxidation Ponds or Lagoons—Holding ponds designed to <br /> allow the decomposition of organic wastes by aerobic or Trickling Filter — An aerobic biological process used as <br /> anaerobic means. secondary treatment of sewage. Effluent from the primary <br /> clarifier is distributed over a bed of rocks. As the liquid <br /> pH Value — A convenient method of expressing small trickles over the rocks, a biological growth on the rocks <br /> differences in the acidity or alkalinity of solutions. Neutrality breaks down the organic matter in the sewage. The effluent <br /> = pH 7.1; lower values indicate increasing acidity, higher is then taken to a clarifier to remove biological matter <br /> values indicate increasing alkalinity. coming from the filter. <br /> Potable Water—Water fit for human consumption. Turbidity—Any finely divided, insoluble impurities that mar <br /> the clarity of the water. <br /> Polyelectrolytes — Synthetic chemicals used as a <br /> coagulant aid. Waste Activated Sludge—That portion of sludge from the <br /> secondary clarifier in the activated sludge process that is <br /> Primary Waste Treatment — Mechanical separation of wasted to avoid a buildup of solids in the system. <br /> solids, grease, and scum from waste-water. With the aid of <br /> flocculating agents, primary treatment can eliminate 50 to Waste Treatment Plant—A series of tanks, screens, filters, <br /> 65% of the suspended solids. Solids removed by primary and other processes by which most pollutants are removed <br /> treatment may comprise as much as 30 to 40% of the from water. <br /> original BOD of the water. <br /> Water Pollution—A general term signifying the introduction <br /> Receiving Waters — Rivers, lakes, or other water sources into water of micro-organisms, chemicals, wastes, or <br /> that receive treated or untreated waste-waters. sewage which renders the water unfit for it's intended use. <br /> Secondary Waste Treatment — Processing by various <br /> types of systems that employ aeration and biological <br /> oxidation stages to decompose dissolved and colloidal <br /> organic contaminants (inorganic plant nutrients may also be <br /> partially removed). <br /> Sedimentation Tanks — Provide a period of quiescence <br /> during which suspended waste material settles to the bottom <br /> of the tank and is scraped into a hopper and pumped out for <br /> disposal. During this period, floatable solids (fats, oils) rise <br /> to the surface of the tank and are skimmed off into scum <br /> pipes for disposal. <br /> Sewage— Largely the water supply of a community after it <br /> has been fouled by various uses. From the standpoint of <br />