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2018 SCHUSS CLARK BRANDONARCHITECTS, INCORPORATEDcSCHUSS CLARK BRANDON ARCHITECTS, INCORPORATED, EXPRESSLY RESERVE THEIR COMMON LAW COPYRIGHT AND OTHER PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THESE PLANS. THESE PLANS ARE NOT TO BE REPRODUCED, CHANGED, OR COPIED IN ANY FORM OR MANNER WHATSOEVER, NOR ARE THEY TO BE ASSIGNED TO A THIRD PARTY WITHOUT OBTAINING WRITTEN PERMISSION AND CONSENT OF SCHUSS CLARK BRANDON ARCHITECTS, INCORPORATED SHOULD UNAUTHORIZED RE-USE BY A THIRD PARTY OCCUR, SCHUSS CLARK BRANDON ARCHITECTS, INCORPORATED, SHALL BE HELD HARMLESS.biddingplan chkpermitafterDocument StatusSheet Contentissuepermitrecheckfirstplan checkissued toRevisionsSheet NumberProject:Checked by:Drawn by:Date:rechecksecondPRINTED:110408 TRINITY PKWY, STOCKTON, CA 952199/25/2018 1:32:12 PMSN409/26/18EGJB18-442.18CONST DOCSSPECIFICATIONS 3. Flues:15B.9 ELECTRIC WIRING: 18" and smaller 26 gauge 18" to 26" 24 gauge 26"15B.8 ACOUSTICAL INSULATION15B.7 DUCT INSTALLATION OR USE FIBERGLASS DUCT (Air Conditioning Only) 4. All ducts out of doors to be weatherproofed. all ducts shall be supported from overhead members. 3. All ducts shall be securely supported with strap iron or angle. Generally to 36" 22 gauge15B.5 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL15B.6 DUCTS 5. Not to use16A.3 WORKMANSHIP AND INSTALLATION 1. Regulation and Codes: B. HVAC and system control devices specified under "Heating". 3. Related work by others: A. Telephone wiring.16A.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION B. Grounding per local Utility Company requirements. D. Equipment and fixtures as herein specified or as shown. 1. The General Requirements of DIVISION 1 govern the work in this Section.ADDITIONAL DIVISION 16A - ELECTRICAL16A.1 SCOPE A. Air volume at each inlet and outlet. B. Air Temperature each inlet and outlet. C. Room and outdoor temperature.15B.12 GUARANTEE15B.13 INSTRUCTIONS 1. Balancing and Testing:15B.9 EXCAVATION, CUTTING AND FITTING15B.11 FINAL TESTS15B.10 CLEANUP OF PREMISES 4. Duct Work:15B.9 INSTALLATION AND WORKMANSHIP 5. Controls: 4. Filters:16A.8 CONDUIT16A.6 SERVICE ENTRANCE EQUIPMENT16A.7 PANEL BOARDS16A.5 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL16A.4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTSADDITIONAL NOTES AND REQUIREMENTSADDITIONAL DIVISION 2A - SITEWORK NOTESAreas to be sealed shall be sound and clean.PREPARATION OF PAVEMENT (IF REQUIRED):APPLICATION OF SEALER (IF REQUIRED): DIVISION 16 ELECTRICAL (see Electrical Drawings & Additional Div. 16A) D I V I S I O N 11 - E Q U I P M E N T 11400 FOOD SERVICE EQUIPMENT (not used) D I V I S I O N 12 - F U R N I S H I N G S 12525 VINYL WINDOW FILM (not used) DIVISION 13 SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION (not used) DIVISION 14 CONVEYING SYSTEMS (not used) DIVISION 15 MECHANICAL (Also see Mechanical Drawings & Additional Div.15A & 15B) 10990 MISCELLANEOUS SPECIALTIES (if required per Drawings)Install toilet accessories per ADAAG guidelines or local code, whichever is more stringent.In California install grab bars and all other toilet accessories per Title-24Accessibility Standards.Brass Coat Hooks: Customer and employee coat hooks to be a 4 inch BrassBarn Hook #719 as manufactured by Ship'n Out, #8 Charles Street, Pawlings, NY12564, 800-431-8242 or Owner approved substitution.1. REQUIRED: PROVIDE ALL LABOR, MATERIALS, AND EQUIPMENT FOR THEINSTALLATION OF THE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM AS REQUIRED BY THE LESSORINSURANCE COMPANY AND RATING BUREAU.2. BEFORE STARTING ANY WORK, THE CONTRACTOR SHALL SUBMIT TO THEARCHITECT FOR APPROVAL 6 SETS OF COMPLETELY DIMENSIONED SHOP DRAWINGSAPPROVED BY THE RATING BUREAU, AND THE COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE SHOWING ALLMATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT. THESE DRAWINGS SHALL BE COMPLETE IN EVERYDETAIL SHOWING ALL SPRINKLERS, VALVES, PIPING, AND FITTINGS, ANDMISCELLANEOUS RELATED ITEMS OF WORK. ALL WORK SHALL BE DIMENSIONED TOFIT INTO THE AVAILABLE SPACE, AND COORDINATED WITH THE DUCT WORK, LIGHTINGEQUIPMENT, STRUCTURAL MEMBERS, ETC.3. DRY CHEMICAL: "SAFETY FIRST" OR EQUAL, (3) ARS 10ws NO. 33 NOZZLES,1/2" DIA. EMT. PIPING & CONTROLS, ANSUL NOZZLES 1" ABOVE EACH COOKER,REMOTE DRY CHEMICAL TANK, MANUAL PULL, REMOTE RELEASE, AUTOMATIC HEATSOURCE SHUT-OFF TO COOKERS.4. SPRINKLER SYSTEMS ANY SPRINKLER HEADS WHICH ARE REQUIRED TO BERELOCATED OR ARE REQUIRED IN ADDITION TO THE EXISTING GRID WILL BECOMPLETED BY LANDLORD'S SPRINKLER CONTRACTOR AT TENANTS SOLE EXPENSE.SUBMIT 4 COPIES OF SPRINKLER SHOP PLANS TO LANDLORD WITHIN 7 DAYS AFTERWORK START IN SPACE. COORDINATE DRAIN DOWN AND HYDROTEST WITH ON-SITETENANT COORDINATOR.NOTE ON PLANS: SUBMIT 4 COPIES TO FIRE DEPARTMENT PRIOR TO INSTALLATION,RECESS SPRINKLER HEADS IN ENTRY AND SHOW WINDOWS. A HYDROTEST WILL BEREQUIRED IF 5 OR MORE HEADS HAVE BEEN RELOCATED WITHIN THE SPACE.COORDINATE TEST WITH LANDLORD AND FIRE DEPARTMENT. FLAME SPREAD CLASSIFICATION:B. DOMESTIC WATER PIPING TO BE TYPE L HARD COPPER WITH ALL JOINTS SILVERSOLDERED. ALL BELOW FLOOR WASTE LINES TO BE FUSEAL PIPE, ELECTRONICALLYSEALED. ALL ABOVE PIPING, INCL. WASTE LINES TO BE COPPER WITH ALL CONNECTS. SWEATED NO CAST IRON. NO LEAKY OR LOOSE CONNECTIONS.A. Areas that are not sound shall be removed to the original depth. Afterestablishment of a sound rock base, the damaged area will be replaced with hotasphaltic concrete mix, applied in two layers, replaced with hot asphaltic concretemix, applied in two layers, compacted in place. These areas shall cure no less thantwo (2) days before application of the sealer. The subsurface layer shall be atleast two (2) inches in thickness and shall be compacted in place. The remainingsurface layer shall bring the patch to the level of the surrounding parking lot andshall be machine rolled where possible.B. All major cracks shall be cleaned with an air compressor and filled with arubberized crack sealer.C. The entire area to be sealed shall be completely cleaned with a blower thatwill blow/sweep the surface free of sand, clay, dust and other foreign matter.Any oil or grease spots shall be scrpaed and treated with either "Petroseal" ora mixture of shellac and thinner that will prevent it from bleeding through thesealer. All bad oil spots on the pavement must be removed if penetrable to1-1/2" - 2" with a screwdriver.A. A coal for emuision sealer that meets or exceeds federal specificationR-P355d for Asphalt Sealants shall be used.B. Two coats of sealer shall be applied over the pavement so that thecompleted sealcoat is free of voids and pitholes.C. The first coat:1. The first coat shall be applied uniformly over a pavement surface that isfog-spray dampened with clean water. Depending on the condition of the surfaceand the humidity in the air, the first application shall be thoroughly mixed withapproximately 20% water and five to six pounds of clean, hard and durable sand.The material thoroughly squeegeed down into the small holes of the pavement for agood mechanical bond.All equipment furnished shall fit the space available, with connection, etc., in therequired locations and with adequate space for operating and servicing. Thedrawings are generally diagrammatic and indicate the manner and method of theinstallation while the specifications and equipment list denote the type and qualityof material and workmanship to be used. Where a conflict exists between thedrawings and the specifications, the Contractor shall promptly notify the Architectwhose decision shall be final. No allowance will be made subsequently in thisconnection to behalf of the Contractor after award of the contract.The Mechanical Contractor shall furnish and install all equipment as specified onthe drawings or Owner approved equal. In no case shall smaller equipment be installed.1. All ducts shall be fabricated by skilled mechanics and installed in a workmanlikemanner using gauges as follows or use fiberglass ducts:2. Transitions, fittings and elbows shall be constructed to offer a minimum ofnoise and resistance. Where space permits, elbows shall have a radius of 1-1/2times the width (or depth) and transitions shall be gradual with changes notexceeding 1" in 4". However, when structural condition necessitate, fittings andelbows shall be made sharply as required but with vanes as recommended by theSMACA Guide. All right angle branch take-offs to grilles and registers from themain shall be made with the use of extractors.All supply sir ducts shall be insulated with 1" thick, 3/4 lb. density fiberglassblanket with factory applied vapor barrier. Insulation shall be wrapped entirelyaround ducts with all joints lapped at least 4" and secured with 18 ga., blackannealed wire on 12" centers. Insulation shall cover all surfaces, including standingseams. The work shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer'sapplication methods and procedures. Materials used in this connection shall be"Johns-Manville", "Fiberglass", or "Gustin-Bacon" and shall complete to NBFUStandard No. 90A.The inside of the supply and return ducts from the air conditioner shall be linedfrom the air handling equipment to a distance of 10' from the unit, or as indicatedon the drawings, with Ultralite #300 - 1/2" thick, or other approved duct lineracoustical board. This material shall be fitted carefully on the inside of the ductand shall be fastened on with cement supplemented by screws and washers on topand sides of duct or use of fiberglass ducts. All equipment to be properlyvibration isolated so as to minimize equipment operating noise transmission.1. Mechanical equipment having electric motors shall be furnished all necessarycontrol devices for the protection of each motor and for automatic and/or manual control.2. All electric wiring is included under the electrical section of the specificationsexcept low voltage control wiring. The Contractor shall furnish all temperaturecontrols, magnetic starter, and other control switches and devices to the ElectricalContractor. Room thermostat and control switches shall be furnished as shown ordirected, and all controls, relays, starters and wiring shall conform to the governingelectrical codes.The vents or flues shall be "Metalbestos" and shall be complete with fittings,adapters and related appurtenances, and shall terminate above the roof with a"Briedert" type "L" flue cap. Size and arrangement shall be as shown.The units shall be 1" thick, disposable, fiberglass reinforced with a stampedmetal backing plate. Size and capacity, type and arrangement shall be as required.The system shall be arranged with a central control including a heating thermostat,fan on- automatic switch and a heat-off cool switch.1. Performance of this work shall comply as minimum requirements to Chapter 51, UBC, manufacturer's requirements and the highest standards of the trade.2. Verify measurements, lines, locations and space limitation of field conditions before beginning work. Locations shown are approximate only. Verify exact locations before beginning work.3. Supply and install complete heating and ventilating system including furnace, controls, ducts, dampers, filters turning valve, registers, grilles, and all appurtenances required for complete installation ready for operation.Supply and install according to ASHRAE and SMACA Guides and to local buildingcode. Design ducts, boots, boxes and fittings to provide minimum resistance toair flow. Install duct turns or turning vanes as required for proper control of airflow. Provide volume damers and/or extractors in ducts to provide distribution and balancing.Perform the excavation, cutting, fitting, repairing and finishing of the worknecessary for the installation of the equipment of this section. However, nocutting of the work of other trades or of any structural member shall be donewithout the consent of the Architect.Contractor shall at all times keep the premises clear of waste materials and debriscaused by this employees and operation. Equipment not required in the work shallbe removed prior to the termination of the contract.Before acceptance and final payment, the Contractor shall demonstratethat all apparatus is functioning properly and efficiently. He shall balanceair quantities for even temperatures throughout, shall adjust controls, andin general place the system into operation. Start-ups for the first heatingand the first cooling season shall be performed as part of the contract.All outlets shall have either volume dampers at register or in duct as shown onplan. These shall be complete with locking quadrant with gaskets to provideleakproof balancing. This contractor will be responsible to balance system tocapacities indicated and submit to the Architect complete balance sheet, indicating:The Contractor shall guarantee all material and equipment to be free from defectof material and workmanship and shall replace or repair without cost to the Ownerall defective material and workmanship for a period of one year.Contractor shall instruct the Owner in the proper operating and maintenance of the equipment. 2. Furnish all labor, materials, tools and equipment required to complete all electrical work shown and/or specified: A. Conduit and wiring from Service Point to meter (verify scope of work with local Electric Co.). C. A complete system of electrical wiring to all electrical outlets and equipment as indicated ont the Drawings and/or herein specified. E. Connections to all electrical equipment whether or not furnished by this Contractor. F. Cutting, patching, excavation and backfill, and concrete work required to complete items of this section.The work in general shall consist of, but is not necessarily limited to the following: 1. Furnishing and installing the main service entrance equipment as indicated on the drawing. 2. Furnishing and installing all fixtures with lamps as indicated on the drawings as specified herein unless noted. 3. Furnishing and installing all electrical work, panels, service, conduit, wiring, etc., for all outlets and equipment. 4. Furnishing and installing all telephone outlets, conduit and terminal boards including conduit from telephone terminal board to the building entrance as indicated on the plan. 6. Temporary Construction Power: Furnish and install temporary construction power wiring as required to provide sufficient power and lighting for all construction needs. Provide temporary lighting as required by Occupational Safety & Health Act for adequate illumination for construction and safety purposes.Install all work in accordance with requirements of all legally constituted publicauthorities having jurisdiction, including Electrical Safety Orders of the State ofCalifornia; The 1987 National Electrical Code, and all local laws, rules, regulationsof the National and Pacific Boards of Fire Underwriters, and all rules andregulations of companies furnishing services or of departments having jurisdiction,and all local ordinances.The Contractor shall examine the premises and satisfy himself of existingconditions under which he will be obligated to operate in performing his part of thework or that will in any manner affect the work under the contract. TheContractor shall cooperate with other trades so that the installation of allequipment may be properly coordinated.All equipment furnished shall fit the space available, with connection, etc., in therequired locations and with adequate space for operating and servicing. Thedrawings are generally diagrammatic and indicate the manner and method of theinstallation while the specifications and fixture list denote the type and quality ofmaterial and workmanship to be used. Where a conflict exists between thedrawings and the specifications, the Contractor shall promptly notify the Architectwhose decision shall be final. No allowance will be made subsequently in thisconnection on behalf of the Contractor after award of the contract.All materials furnished under this contract shall be new, free from defects of anycharacter, and shall conform with the standards of the Underwriters Laboratories,Inc., in every case where such a standard has been established, and shall belabeled. It is the intention of these specifications to indicate a standard of qualityfor all materials incorporated in this work, and where materials are not specifiedherein installation, these materials shall be of first quality for use intended.Manufacturers of materials shall be of first quality for use intended. Manufacturersof similar quality products may be considered unless the specifications or drawingsindicate otherwise. The Architect/Engineers decision as to equal in grade andquality shall rule and be final for all electrical materials incorporated in this work.Where two or more similar type items are furnished, all shall be of the samemanufacturer e.g., all disconnect switches shall be of the same manufacturer unlessotherwise noted herein or shown on the drawings. All material and installationmethods used shall be in accord with the latest and approved electrical andmechanical engineering practices.Service entrance equipment shall be in accordance with the requirements of thelocal Municipal Governing Body and shop drawings shall be submitted to the servingUtility for approval by same.Each new panel shall be provided with door lock and two keys, all keyed alike. Eachpanel shall be provided with type-written sheet installed on door, identifying theuse of all branch circuits. All panels shall be flush mounted except as otherwiseindicated. Panels shall have bussing as indicated on the drawings and be bySquare D, Federal Pacific, Cutler Hammer or approved equal.1. Electric Metallic Tubing: May be used for all wiring not run in/or under concrete or earth or in grouted walls.2. Galvanized or Sherardized Steel shall be used for all wiring not run in/or under concrete or earth. Conduit in earth shall be coated and wrapped with polyken 900 tape or code approved PVC. 09987 FRP PANELING 1. Size: 4 feet by 8 feet by min. 0.09 inches thick. 2. Color: White or Owner approved substitution 1. Flame spread: 0-200 2. Smoke developed: 0-450 Approved products for the above are as follows: 1. Flame spread: 0-25 2. Smoke developed: 0-450 Approved products for the above are as follows: D I V I S I O N 1 0 - S P E C I A L T I E S 10260 CORNER GUARDS (if required per Drawings) Provide PVC by Sanilite/Marlite, 090 gage, White, with P-100 H.D. outside corner guards. by one manufacturer's, alike and as follows: 1. K. J. Miller Corporation, Elkhart, IN (800-348-7584) 2. Pawling Corporation, Pawling NY (914-855-1005) 10290 PEST CONTROL 10430 EXTERIOR SIGNAGE (if required per Drawings) 10440 INTERIOR SIGNAGE (if required) 10444 MENU BOARD Installation: By General Contractor 10446 NEON SIGNAGE (if required) 10520 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS (if required or as directed by Owner.) 1. J.L. Industries 2. Larsen's Mfg. Co. 3. Muckle Mfg. Div. of Technico, Inc. 4. Profile International, Inc. 10536 EXTERIOR AWNING (if required) GUARANTEE: 10810 TOILET ACCESSORIES (if required per Drawings) AWNING FRAME: Verify with OWNER IF AWNING WILL BE REQUIRED.Fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) panels: Combination of polyester resinand glass reinforcement as follows:3. Surface texture: Embossed Provide Class "C" or Type III FRP paneling for standard construction to meet the following ASTM E84 ratings:1. Kemlite Glasbord-P: White. UniDynamics Dyrotech Industries, Inc., Joliet, IL (815-727-5000)2. Marlite Brand FRP Panels: White. Marlite, Dover, OH (216-343-6621)3. Structoglas: White #1130. Sequentia Incorporated, Reinforced Plastic Division, Cleveland, OH (800-321-1935 or 216-433-1020)4. Kal-Lite: White. Kalwall Corp., Manchester, NH (603-627-3861).Provide Class "A" or Type I FRP paneling where required by fire code to meetthe following ASTM E84 ratings:1. Kemlite Fire-X Glasbord: White. Unidynamics Dyrotech Industries, Inc., Joliet, IL (815-727-5000)2. Marlite Brand Class "A/1" Fire Rated FRP Panels: White. Marlite, Dover, OH (216-343-6621)3. Structoglas Pyro-Panl: White, #1130. Sequentia Incorporated, Reinforced Plastic Division, Cleveland, OH (800-321-1935 or 216-433-1020).4. Kal-Lite LF&S: White, Kalwall Corp., Manchester, NH (603-627-3861).Provide manufacturer's standard trim to fit and match panel color for insidecorner, edge stop, "H" joints and fastenings.EXCEPTION: Provide large 2 inch outside corner #M-960, color to match FRPused, as manufactured by Marlite, Inc.. Install with glue and nails.Apply full height on walls (no horizontal joint). Apply on ceilings, if requiredby local code or directed by OWNER, in grid pattern to minimize number of joints.Install FRP panels using #113 Drywall Stud Mastic by the W. W. Henry Co.,Huntington Park, CA (800-621-8153) or adhesive recommended by the FRPpaneling manufacturer. On ceilings (if any) supplement installation usingtruss head style, high impact, thermoplastic drive rivets, clear or matchingpanel color, provide a #30 by Southco, Inc., Concordville, PA (215-459-4000)or rivet as recommended by the FRP paneling manufacturer or Ownerapproved substitution.Install corner guards where noted on Drawings and per manufacturer's written instructions.Provide approx. 1-1/8 inch by 1-1/8 inch by full wall height stainless steelcorner guards at locations as shown on Drawings by one of the followingmanufacturers or Owner approved substitution: 3. American Floor Products Co., Inc., Rockville, MD (800-342-0 424) 4. McKinney/Parker Division, Scranton, PA (717-346-7551 or 415-282-7800)Pest Control Product: "Perma-Dust PT240" boric-acid-based insecticide byWhitmire Research Laboratories, Inc., St. Louis, MO (314-225-5731), or Ownerapproved substitution.Apply at rate of 150 sq. ft. per 20 oz. aerosol can to flat sides of studs ofperimeter walls, inside of perimeter wall sheathing, top side of gypsum board ceilingmaterial and other areas (if any) indicated on the Drawings. Apply just prior tocovering or enclosing. Apply in strict conformance with manufacturer's recommendations.Provide underground power to freestanding signs via building electrical panel. Allexterior signage to be provided and installed by others; see Drawings.G.C. to coordinate electrical installation and final electrical connections for exteriorsignage unless specifically otherwise indicated.Poster Frame: Supplied by Owner. Secure to wall with 4 wood screws or sheetmetal screws per installation instructions.Provide blocking in wall as required. All interior signage to be provided andinstalled by others.G.C. to provide electrical installation and final electrical connections for interiorsignage unless otherwise indicated.Menu Board: Approximate size; as indicated on Drawings, as provided by Owner.Neon Signage: G.C. to coordinate electrical installation and final electricalconnections for neon signage unless specifically indicated otherwise.Fire Extinguisher: Multi-purpose dry chemical type rated 4-A; 60-B:C, 10 lb.nominal capacity, in enameled steel container, for Class A, Class B and Class Cfires. Provide manufacturer's standard bracket for extinguisher. UL and FM listedunit as manufactured by one of the following:Install as indicated on Drawings, or, if not indicated, as directed by the Owner tocomply with applicable governing regulations.Provide each exterior awning as a complete unit produced by one manufacturer,including electrical lighting, lamps, hardware, accessories, mountings and installationcomponents. See Drawings for awning types and location. Verify with OWNER ifawning will be required.Awning Contractor: A firm with not less than 3 years successful experience infabricating and installing awnings similar to those in this project. Providecalculations, drawings, certificates, etc., required by local governmental authorities (ifany). Local governing codes, climatic conditions, wind and snow design loadrequirements will take precedent and be the primary determinant in anymodifications to the above minimum design loads and awning specifications. Norequired modifications shall be made to the awning drawings and specifications untilthe Owner has been informed, in writing, of any modifications prior to shop fabrication.Awnings must carry an unconditional guarantee against flaws and defects in theframe, cover material, tensioning mechanism, hinged ceiling system, graphics andinstallation hardware for a period of 1 year. The awning must also carry aprorated 5 year warranty against frame failure and noticeable fabric fading.Frame: Built as one complete unit and installed per manufacturer's requirements.Provide toilet accessories to meet or exceed Americans with Disabilities ActAccessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) as shown on the Drawings and as follows or Ownerapproved substitutions:1. #838 - Mirrors: Theft proof angle framed mirrored glass equal to McKinneyModel #150. Frame fabricated of 16 ga. S.S., back 20 ga. galvanized steel, pantype construction with foam plastic filler bonded to back pan. Glass to be 1/4" thick, quality Q2 clear float glass with full silver coating, copper coatingand organic coating. Size: 18 inches Wide by 34 inches High, unless otherwise indicated.2. #847 - Grab Bars: Heavy Duty type, 1-1/4 inches diameter 18 gage (0.050)304 stainless steel with standard smooth surface type finished and with 1-1/2inches clearance to adjacent wall or partition. Bars for side walls or partitionsshall be 42 inches long; bars for rear walls shall be 36 inches long. Mount 33 to36 inches AFF to grab bar with 42 inches side wall bars mounted 12 inches fromback wall per ANSI A117.1 and ADA Regulations. Provide manufacturer'srecommended mounting snap flange type hardware for type surface encountered.Approved product model numbers: ASI-3700 Series, McKinney/Parker-#9602 Series,Bradley #832 Series, Gamco #1250 Series or Owner approved substitution.
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