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5 Comparison of Comparison of Alternatives 5.5.1.6 Energy Under the Northern Site Alternative, battery facility development would occur on approximately the same amount of acreage as the Project such that surface disturbance and construction activities would require approximately the same fuel resources as the Project. The Northern Site Alternative would result in impacts to energy; similar to those identified for the Project. 5.5.1.7 Geology, Soils, and Paleontological Resources Under the Northern Site Alternative, approximately the same amount of acreage would be developed as the Project. Similar to the Project, the Northern Site Alternative would also require implementation of Mitigation Measure GEO-1, which requires preparation of a SWPPP and incorporation of BMPs during construction and decommissioning, consistent with the NPDES General Construction Permit Program. Compared to the Project, the Northern Site Alternative would result in similar surface disturbance and construction activities, and a potential significant impact could result if paleontological resources are encountered and inadvertently destroyed during ground-disturbing activities. Accordingly, the implementation of Mitigation Measures GEO- 2 and GEO-3 would be required for the Northern Site and the potential impacts related to geology, soils, and paleontological resources would be similar to the Project. 5.5.1.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Under the Northern Site Alternative, the development would occur on approximately the same amount of acreage as the Project, such that this alternative would result in approximately the same construction and decommissioning emissions as the Project. Similar to the Project, the Northern Site Alternative would have less than significant impacts related to generation of GHG emissions and conflicts with plans, policies, or regulations adopted for the purpose of reducing GHG emissions. 5.5.1.9 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Compared to the Project, the Northern Site Alternative would consist of approximately the same construction disturbance and an equivalent number of battery enclosures and associated infrastructure. The use of hazardous materials during operation under the Project would be minimal and the Northern Site Alternative would have the similar use of hazardous materials as the Project, such that impacts are anticipated to be the same as the Project. 5.5.1.10 Hydrology and Water Quality Under the Northern Site Alternative, development would occur on approximately the same acreage as the Project, such that the Northern Site Alternative would result in approximately the same amount of surface disturbance during construction activities and the same amount of impervious area after the completion of construction. The NPDES Construction General Permit and other existing regulatory requirements would still apply to this alternative; however, due to a greater gen-tie line length requiring greater ground disturbance resulting in greater potential for erosion and sedimentation, the impacts would be slightly greater than the Project. 5.5.1.11 Land Use and Planning The Northern Site Alternative would include battery energy storage facilities on agricultural land with limited agricultural capacity with approximately the same acreage and output capacity as the Project. The Northern Site Alternative would also not physically divide an established community and would not conflict with any applicable land use plan designed to mitigate environmental Griffith Energy Storage Project 5-13 Tetra Tech/SCH 2022120675 Draft Environmental Impact Report August 2023