COMPLIANCE INFO_2024 FINAL SITE CHARACTERIZATION WORK PLAN

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Site Health and Safety Plan Page 8 solvent in paints and industrial coatings, nylon, rubber, plastics, resins, rubber, and miscellaneous uses of organic chemicals, and general use solvent. Inhalation is the principal exposure route for occupational and residential settings. Inhalation exposure in indoor air may result from the use common household products such as paints, paint thinners, adhesives, nail polish and synthetic fragrances. The OSHA PEL for toluene is 200 ppm (750 mg/m3). The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommended exposure limit (REL) is 100 ppm (375 mg/m3). The short-term exposure limit (STEL) is 500 ppm (1,875 mg/m3). Studies in workers and animals of exposure to toluene generally indicate toluene is not a known or suspected human carcinogen 2. 3.3.5 Ethylbenzene CAS # 100-41-4 Ethylbenzene is a colorless flammable liquid at room temperature with a distinct gasoline type odor. Ethylbenzene is naturally found in coal tar and petroleum, and may be found in manufacture products including inks, pesticides, and paint. Ethylbenzene is primarily used as a chemical intermediate and the industrial manufacture of styrene. Moreover, ethylbenzene is often used in industry as a solvent, and petroleum fuels, and to make other chemical compounds. The principal route of exposure to ethylbenzene is inhalation. Ethylbenzene may be released into the air from burning hydrocarbons including oil, gas, and coal. Moreover, occupational exposure may occur from working with the compound, compounds that contain ethylbenzene, and in the oil and gas industry. Over exposure to ethylbenzene may result in eye irritation, upper respiratory irritation, headache and dermatitis. Acute over exposure may result in more serious health hazards (i.e., coma). The OSHA PEL for ethylbenzene is 435 mg/m3 (100 ppm). 3.3.6 Xylene CAS # 1330-20-7 Xylene is a colorless, sweet smelling flammable liquid. There are three forms of xylene in which the methyl groups vary on the benzene ring: meta-xylene, ortho-xylene, and para- Xylene is used as a chemical intermediate, as well as a solvent in the printing, rubber, and leather industries. It is also used as a cleaning agent, a thinner for paint, and in paints and varnishes. Xylene is often found in aviation fuel and gasoline. Exposure to xylene occurs in the workplace through using products containing xylene such as paint, gasoline, paint thinners and other products. Inhalation is the principal route of exposure for both occupational and nonoccupational population. Xylene may be found in contaminated food or water, cigarette smoke, and emissions from car and truck traffic. 2 ASTDR (2017). Toxicological Profile for Toluene. USHHS. Atlanta, GA, US Department of Health and Human Services